Pearson Chi-Square Test in Nursing Research

Pearson Chi-Square Test

Statistical test for categorical data differences.

Purpose

Identify differences among groups using categorical data.

Observed Frequencies

Actual counts recorded in each category.

Expected Frequencies

Predicted counts based on the null hypothesis.

Statistical Significance

Determines if observed differences are meaningful.

Patient Satisfaction Example

Compares satisfaction levels in care groups.

Medication Adherence Example

Examines adherence variations by demographic age.

Categorical Variables Assumption

Data must be nominal and mutually exclusive.

Single Entry Assumption

Only one response per participant allowed.

Expected Frequency Assumption

No expected frequency should equal zero.

Sample Size Assumption

Larger samples preferred; use Fisher's for small.

Contingency Table

Matrix displaying observed frequencies for categories.

Critical Value

Threshold to determine statistical significance.

Software Example

Using Minitab for COVID-19 diabetes analysis.