Basic Foods 1 - Sugars

Quiz 😔👎

What is the recommended amount of sugar a woman can consume in a day?

6 tsp

What is the recommended amount of sugar a man can consume in a day?

9 tsp

What is the recommended amount of sugar a woman can consume in a day?

6 tsp

What is the recommended amount of sugar a man can consume in a day?

9 tsp

1 tsp of sugar equals to?

4 grams

What is the main function of monosaccharides as sugar?

Energy source

What is the mnemonic for memorizing monosaccharides?

Gives Good Flavor

What is the main function of disaccharides as sugar?

Transport form

What is the mnemonic for memorizing disaccharides?

Length Supports Movement

What is the main function of polysaccharides as sugar?

Storage form

What is the mnemonic for memorizing polysaccharides?

Can Get Stored

What are some examples of market sugars?

Table, sanding, confectioner’s, pamusta and muscovado

_____ are sugars in a solution

Syrups

What are some examples of syrups?

Cane, Molasses, Corn, Honey and Maple

What does HFCS stand for?

High fructose corn syrup

How does HFCS differ from conventional syrup?

It contains fructose/levulose

In what range does HFCS contain fructose/levulose

42-90%

What are some dangers of HFCS?

Weight gain, cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and fatty liver

What are the functions of sugar in food preparation? (1)

Sweetening agent, main ingredient, preserving agent, colorant and flavoring agent and texture modifier

What are the functions of sugar in food preparation? (2)

Peptizing agent, volume and structure improver, humectant, tenderizing effect and nutritive quality

What are some examples of artificial sweeteners?

Aspartame, Ace-K, Saccharin, Sucralose, Neotame and Stevia

Stevia is a ________ sweetener

natural

What does Ace-K stand for?

Acesulfame potassium

What is the common brand for Aspartame?

Equal

What is the common brand for Ace-K?

Sweet One

What is the common brand for Saccharin?

Sweet N’ Low

What is the common brand for Sucralose?

Splenda

What are some types of sugar alcohols?

Erythritol, Xylitol, Sorbitol, Lactitol and Maltitol

Property of sugar that allows it to dissolve in a liquid

Solubility

What is the most soluble sugar?

Fructose

What is the least soluble sugar?

Lactose

What process is the inverse of solubility?

Crystallization

Which sugar is the hardest to crystallize?

Fructose

Which sugar is the easiest to crystallize?

Lactose

Why are some candies dusted/coated with powdered sugar?

To prevent moisture absorption in storage

The ability of a substance to absorb moisture from the surrounding environment

Hygroscopy

What are some examples of hygroscopic materials?

Salt, Silica Gel and Sugar

Fructose is the ________ sugar

sweetest

Lactose is the ______ _________ sugar

least sweetest

What is the relative sweetness of fructose?

173.0

What is the relative sweetness of lactose?

16.0

What is the relative sweetness of glucose?

74.3

What is the relative sweetness of maltose?

32.5

What is the relative sweetness of galactose?

32.1

Sugar should only be heated up to?

180 C or lower

Sugar starts to burn at?

185 C and higher

A browning reaction involving sugar alone and elevated temperature

Caramelization

A non-enzymatic reaction affected by the presence of moisture and oxygen

Maillard Reaction

What is another name for the Maillard reaction?

Amino-aldehyde reaction

What is an example of the Maillard reaction?

Dulce de Leche

A common form of a chemical reaction where water is mostly used to break down the chemical bonds that exists between a particular substance.

Hydrolysis

Sugars are altered by ____________

fermentation

Which sugar is highly fermentable with yeast?

Glucose

What does sugar do to the freezing point?

Lowers

What does sugar do to the boiling point?

raises

How many degrees does 1 gram-mol of sugar lower the freezing point in 1 liter of water?

1.86 C

How many degrees does 1 gram-mol of sugar raise the boiling point in 1 liter of water?

0.52 C

Sugar _____ down the water activity of food

lowers

Sugar _______ _________ from bacterial cells

withdraws moisture

What are the two types of candies?

Crystalline and non-crystalline

Which candy has a higher sugar concentration?

Non-crystalline

Crystalline candy’s sucrose solution is boiled at a?

Lower temperature

Which candy contains many small, fine crystals of sucrose?

Crystalline

Crystalline candy is generally _______ and ________

smooth and creamy

Crystalline candy contains ________ of sucrose

crystals

How are crunchy crystalline candies made?

slow cooling and little mixing

How are smooth crystalline candies made?

faster cooling and lots of mixing

Non-crystalline candies are generally ____ and _______

hard and brittle

How are non-crystalline candies formed?

When crystallization is prevented

Which sugars are added to interfere with the development of crystals?

Glucose and/or fructose

Often, non-crystalline candy mixtures are too ______ for crystals to form

viscous

What are the two types of corn syrup?

Light and Dark