ORALCOM Q1 NATURE AND ELEMENTS OF COMM

communication

 - process of transmitting information and understanding

  - the transmitted information must be understood by the receiver

  - generating meaning through verbal or nonverbal signs

  - influenced by different environments

  - “to make known”

  - “to pass news to and from, who says what, which channel, to whom, with what effect”

1) human activity

2) complex process

3) verbal and nonverbal

4) audio and visual

nature of communication

human activity

- communication as a process humans do

- complex activity that requires cognitive skills

complex process

- communication is always ongoing and changing

- communication is influenced by past experiences, present events, and future expectations

- communication is dynamic

audio

communiction that uses sounds

visual

communication that uses pictures, drawings, illustrations, graphic organizers, etc.

1) sender

2) message

3) encoding

4) channel

5) receiver

6) decoding

7) feedback

process of communication in order

sender

- initiates communication

- someone who intends to pass ideas and information

message

- the idea being conveyed

- why?

encoding

- process of translating the message into something that is understandable (words, actions, pictures)

channel

- the manner of how the message is sent

- how?

receiver

- the target of the message

decoding

- a mental process where the receiver understands the message

feedback

- the message sent back by the receiver to the sender

- the receiver becomes the sender

process noise

- also called interference or barriers

  - anything that hampers successful understanding of a message

- elements which may block the communication

1) physical noise

2) semantic noise

3) psychological noise

4) physiological noise

types of noise

physical noise

- external distractions in a conversation

semantic noise

- hinders understanding due to vagueness in words, sentences, or symbols

- words are not mutually understood

physiological noise

- distractions from the physical conditions or states within a communicator’s body

psychological noise

- centers on one’s field of experience, how one filters information, and one’s relationship towards the other person involved in the conversation

1) field of experience

2) filtering

3) psychological distance

Concepts associated with psychological and social barriers:

psychological distance

- involves behaviors between people

filtering

- selective hearing

field of experience

- the more different you are to the other, the more you are likely to encounter barriers