APUSH UNIT 4

Thomas Jefferson

who won the election of 1800

federalists

federal government could exercise powers not stated in the constitution

democratic republicans

federal government could only exercise powers stated in consitution

louisiana purchase

napolean offered louisiana territory for $15 million 

corps of discovery

Lewis and Clark, Pike

northwest corps of discovery

Lewis and Clark

southern corps of discovery

Pike

embrago act of 1807

federal ban on international trade

goal of embargo act

force countries to recognize US neutrality

result of embargo act

foreign trade blockage created US economic hardship

neutrality proclamation

Jefferson upheld

John Marshall

rise of the supreme court

Marbury v Madison

secretary of state James Madison, retaliated by refusing to deliver commissions

McCulloch v Maryland

congress had chartered second national bank despite democratic republican response or objections

republicanism

emphasizes equality and individualism

2nd great awakening

people take republican freedoms and apply it to other areas of life

abolitionism (reform movement)

to end slavery and involuntary servitude

women’s rights (reform movement)

effort for women to gain equal rights and opportunities to men

prison reform (reform movement)

improve the conditions and practices within correctional systems, shifting the focus from mere punishment to rehabilitation

treatment of mentally ill (reform movement)

involved creating specialized institutions called asylums

temperance (reform movement)

sought to reduce or eliminate alcohol consumption, driven by religious and social concerns

education (reform movement)

evolving effort to improve educational systems, making them more accessible, equitable, and effective

shakers (utopian religious community)

perfect society based on Christian principles, emphasizing communal living, gender and racial equality, pacifism, and celibacy

oneida community (utopian religious community)

attempt to create a utopian society based on Christian perfectionism and communal living

joeseph smith (utopian religious community)

mormons

transcendentalists (utopian religious community)

believed in the inherent goodness of people and nature

new orleans

50% of american trade

the american system

henry clay’s plan to grow national economy and unite regional economies

tariff of 1816

response to british merchants flooding the american market with cheap manufactured goods

main goal of the tariff of 1816

protect and bolster domestic industry

2nd bank of the us

regulated public credit issued through local banks

north (regional specialization)

manufacturing that depended on materials from the south

south (regional specialization)

cotton cultivation and agriculture

west (regional specialization)

food production

panic of 1819 (economic depression)

national bank wanted to tighten up money supply in the US

south and west (slavery)

slavery is dominant

north (slavery)

wage labor

what was the issue with the missouri territory being included

the north was worried there would then be more slave states than free states

tallmadge amendment

proposed by James Tallmadge, said that missouri could join if they banned slavery, and gradually emacipated

missouri compromise

henry clay, admit missouri as a slave state and maine as a free state

36° 30’ line of latitude

division of slavery