HonUS Ch11 Quest 2

Second Red Scare

Post-World War II Red Scare focused on the fear of Communists in U.S. government positions; peaked during the Korean War and declined soon thereafter, when the U.S. Senate censured Joseph McCarthy, who had been a major instigator of the hysteria.

McCarthyism

The term associated with Senator Joseph McCarthy who led the search for communists in America during the early 1950s through his leadership in the House Un-American Activities Committee.

Loyalty Review Board

investigated 3 million federal employees in fear of communism

House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)

A congressional committee that investigated Communist influence inside and outside the U.S. government in the years following World War II.

Hollywood Ten

ten witnesses from the film industry who refused to cooperate with the HUAC's investigation of Communist influence in Hollywood

Rosenbergs

Husband and wife tried/executed for treason under suspicion of communist influence and trading atomic bomb secrets with the Soviet Union

suburbs

Residential areas surrounding a city

Levittown

New York suburb where postwar builders pioneered the techniques of mass home construction

Billy Graham

Massively popular Evangelical preacher who preached to sold out stadiums and became a long-term presidential advisor

Brown v. Board of Education

1954 case that overturned Separate but Equal standard of discrimination in education.

Little Rock Nine

Black students who entered Central High School protected by federal troops

Emmett Till

Murdered in 1955 for whistling at a white woman by her husband and his friends. His death led to the American Civil Rights movement.

nuclear family

A married couple and their unmarried children living together.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city busses. After 11 months the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation was illegal.

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

An organization founded by MLK Jr., to direct the crusade against segregation. Its weapon was passive resistance that stressed nonviolence and love, and its tactic direct, though peaceful, confrontation.

Flexible Response

A policy, developed during the Kennedy administration, that involved preparing for a variety of military responses to international crises rather than focusing on the use of nuclear weapons.

Fidel Castro

Communist leader of Cuba

Bay of Pigs

An unsuccessful invasion of Cuba in 1961, which was sponsored by the United States. Its purpose was to overthrow Cuban dictator Fidel Castro.

Cuban Missile Crisis

1962 crisis that arose between the United States and the Soviet Union over a Soviet attempt to deploy nuclear missiles in Cuba

Berlin Wall

A wall separating East and West Berlin built by East Germany in 1961 to keep citizens from escaping to the West