Contemporary South Asia

What are the countries in South Asia?

Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, The Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka

What is SAFTA?

Free trade zone in SOuth Asia

Lowering trade tariffs

What region has an impact on India?

US and China

Conflict between Bhutan and Nepal?

Himalayan river waters

What is our policy with Sri Lanka?

Vis-a-Vis

What is our special relationship with nepal?

Citizens of both countries can work in the other

Problems with Nepal

Nepal and China relationship

Naxalite movement in Bihar and Andhra Pradesh

Has designs on river waters and hydro-electricity

We prevent nepal from easier access to the sea

Our problems with Bangladesh

Brahmaputra and Ganga

Refusal to allow Indian troops to move through territory

Decision to not export gas to India or allow Mynamar

Illegal immigration

Support of Islamic fundamentalist groups

India encouraged rebellion in Chittagong Hill Tracts

Being a regional bully

What rivers do India and Bangladesh have a problem in?

Ganga and Brahmaputra

What has India accused Pakistan of doing?

Helping Kashmiri militants and aiding Khalistani militants

What did Sri Lanka do first?

Liberalize the economy

Control rate of growth in population

What are the strategic issues with Pakistan?

Control of the Siachen glacier

What is the line of control for?

Division in Kasmir for India and Pakistan

What countries tried to help Sri Lanks?

Norway and Iceland

Who is Durga Thapa?

Pro democracy in Nepal

Nepal Timeline

Hindu Kingdom

Democratic Constitution in 1990

Maoists spread in Nepal believing in armed insurrection

2002 King abolished constitution and dismissed government

2006 wide pro-democracy protests. House of Representatives was restored. Seven Party Alliance (SPA)

2008 democracy

2015 new constitution

What was encouraged the military to continue its dominance?

Lack of genuine international support for democratic rule

Global Islamic Terrorism and fear that Pakistan’s arsenal may fall into the hands of terrorists

Where is Democracy not preferred over dicatarship?

Pakistan

Which countries have successfully operated a democracy since independenceS?

Sri Lanka and India

Who’s the observer country in SAARC?

China

What was the triangular conflict in Nepal in the Early 2000s?

Monarchists, democracy and maosts

Seven party alliance

What factor encouraged Western support for Pakistan’s military regimes?

Backed them fearing islamic

When did LTTE begin armed struggle?

1983

South East Asia enclosed in

Himalayas in the north and the vast Indian Ocean, the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal in the south, west and east

Better relation in Pakistan and India

Bus routes

Visa being more easily given

Why isn’t SAARC successful?

Political differecnes

Immigrants of Myanmar into India and Bangladesh?

Rohingyas

What power does India have?

It is located centrally and only country that borders all others

With which country is India developing a Hydroelectric project?

Bhutan

Helped weed out guerillas

Biggest aid provider

Special relation with Nepal

Can travel to and work in country without visas and passports

Have had trade related disputes

Problems with naxalities

Country part of look east (Act East after 2014)

Bangladesh

What did 1947-48 war do?

Division into Pakistan-occupied Kashmir divided by Line of Control

LAC (China)

LOC(pakistan)

Why is Pakistan unstable?

Dominance of military, clergy, and landowning aristocracy

Conflict with India had made military more powerful

What happened in 2001 July?

Vajapayee-Musharraf Agra summit unsuccessful

When was Democracy resored in Pakistan and Bangladesh?

1988-91

What countries are included in discussion of the region as a whole?

Afghanistan and Myanmar

What was Bangladesh’s constitution based on

Secularism, Democracy and Socialism

Who formed National party and won election in Bangladesh in 1979?

Ziaur Rahaman

is there widespread support for democracy?

Yes

They prefer democracy over any other form of government (19,000 ordinary citzens)

Survey Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, India, Pakistan and Nepal

Who won 2018 Maldive election?

Maldivian Democratic Party

Who were the Democratic government under in Pakistan after Independance?

Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif

When did the coup happen in Pakistan?

1999

When were the Maoists of Nepal successful?

90s

When did India and Pakistan gain independence?

1947

When did Sri Lanka (Ceylon) gain independence? When was the Indo-Pak over Kashmir?

1948

When did Pakistan join the Cold War Military Bloc(SEATO and CENTO)?

1954-55

When was the Indus Water Treaty Signed?

1960

Mediated by World Bank

When was the India-China Border Conflict?

1962

When was the Indo-Pak War and the UN observation mission?

1965

When was the Tashkent Agreement signed? When was the six point proposal for greater autonomy in East Pakistan?

1966

When did Bangladesh gain Independance? When was the Indo-Pak war over Bangladesh? When was the Treaty of friendship signed 20 years?

1971

March: Bangladesh

August: Indo-Sovet Treaty

December: Indian Pak war, liberation

When was the Simla Agreement signed?

1972 July

When did India Conduct Nuclear Tests?

1974 May for the first time

When did Pakistan and Bangladesh establish diplomatic ties?

1976

When was the SAARC charter signed in Dhaka?

1985 December.

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

When did India send Peace Keeping forces to Sri lanka?

1987 (Rajiv Gandhi and Jayewadene) pulled out 1989

Sri Lankans people did not like Indian military

Got into a fight with LTTE

Saw it as attempt by India to interfere in the internal affairs of Sri Lnaka

IPKF

When did India send troops to the Maldives? When did India and Pakistan sign the agreement not to attack each other’s nuclear facilities?

1988 November

Helped tourism and Fisheries

When did India and Bangladesh sign the Farakka Treaty to share Ganga Water?

1996 May

When did India and Pakistan conduct nuclear test? When was the India Sri Lanka FTA signed?

1998

May: Nukes

December: FTA

When did Vajapayee undertake a bus ride to sign a Peace Declaration? When was the Kargil Conflict?

1999

February: Bus

June-July: Kargil

When was SAFTA signed in Islamabad?

2004 January

Came into effect in 2006

South Asian Free Trade (SAFTA) agreement

Formation of free trade zones

Lowering trade tariffs

Neighbours think India is invade

SAFTA is not worth the trouble since India already has bilateral agreements with Bhutan, Nepal and Sri Lanka

When did Afghanistan join SAARC

2007

When did the 18th SAARC summit in Kathmandu take place?

2014

Pakistan’s Heads of State

General Ayub Khan (Gave up office dissatisfied public)

Yahya Khan (Military take over, Bangladesh conflict)

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Elected) 1971-77

General Zial-Ul-Haq(Takeover, pressure for democracy.

Benazir Bhutto (Elected, Pakistani People’s Party vs Muslim League) 1988

General Pervez Musharraf (Removed Nawaz Shariff 1999, 2001 elected president)

2008 democracy

Leaders of Bangladesh

Sheikh Mujib (1970 election won all the seats, Awami League, abolished all other parties other than Awami, amended constitution to give himself more power, assassinated in 1975 military uprising)

Ziaur Rahman (Military Leader made Bangladesh National Party and won elections 1979, assassinated)

Lt Gen H. M. Ershad (Military Leader. forced to allow political movement/democracy, elected for five years, stepped down in 1990)

Elections were held in 1991 since then there has been a representative democracy

Migration to India

When was Bangladesh’s Constitution amended?

1975

When did the Nepalese king accept a democratic constitution?

1990

When did the Nepalese king abolish the parliament and dismiss the government?

2002

When was the Nepalese House Of Representatives restored?

2006

When did Nepal abolish the monarchy?

2008

What was the SPA?

Seven Party Alliance (Maoists and Social Activists)

Where are the Pakistan and India not in agreement about?

Demarcation line in Sir Creek in Rann of Kutch

Not water resources

Gujarat

When was the LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) vanquished?

2009

Controlled north eastern part

Nuclear Tests

1998 India conducted tests in Pokhran and Pakistan did tests in Chagrai Hills

Where did India cause a rebellion according to Bangladesh?

Chittagong Hill Trackts

When did Bhutan become a constitutional monarchy?

2008

When did Maldives become a republic with presidential form of government?

1968

When was a multi party system introduced in Maldives?

June 2005

What was Nepal?

A Hindu kingdom

Who led the non-violent movement in Nepal?

Seven Party Alliance

When did Nepal adopt a new consitituion?

2015

What is ISI?

Inter-Services Intelligence

They allege that we influence Sindh and Baluchistan