Pelvic and Lower Extremity Osteology

What are the 3 bones of the pelvic girdle?

ilium, ischium, and pubis

Where is the ilium?

the upper wider part of the pelvic girdle

Where is the ischium?

the middle portion of the pelvic girdle where the width is thinning

Where is the pubis?

the most anterior and medial portion of the pelvic girdle

What is the anterior superior spine?

the process on the lower point of the ilium curve

What is the acetabulum?

the second process below the spine of the ischium

What is in the same vertical plane as the ASIS?

pubic symphysis

What is the posterior superior iliac spine?

the other process of the ilium

What is the ischial spine?

the thinner part of the pelvic girdle after the ilium

What is the ischial tuberosity?

the curve to make the smaller hole of the bones

What is the pubic symphysis?

the middle point connection of the L and R pelvic bones

What is the obturator foramen?

the smaller holes on L and R

What is the difference between the male and female pevic inlet?

male is heart shaped and female is round or oval

What is the difference between male and female pubic arch?

male is less than 90 degrees and female is greater than 90 degrees

What is a broken hip?

usually not a problem with a hip bone, but the femur

What is at risk with a fractured hip?

nearby vessels

What is the greater trochanter?

the lateral nob at the top of the femur

What is the head of the femur?

the rounded medial leaning process

What is the neck of the femur?

the portion of the femur that connects the head to the rest of the bone

What is the lesser trochanter?

the more medial process found under the head and neck of the femur

What is the lateral epicondyle of the femur?

the process at the end of the femur on the outside

What is the medial epicondyle of the femur?

the process at the end of the femur on the inside

What is the lateral condyle of the femur?

the point on the outside and posterior aspect

What is the medial condyle of the femur?

the point on the inside and posterior aspect

What is the tibial tuberosity?

the large bumpy portion at the top of the tibia

What is the medial malleolus?

the downward process on the inside of the bottom portion of the tibia

What is the lateral malleolus?

the downward process on the bottom and outside portion of the fibula

How to tell between the tibia and fibula?

the tibia is more medial and larger than the fibula

How are the phalanges named in the foot?

by digit (great toe being I) and distal, middle, proximal with no middle on I

What are the middle bones of the foot called?

metatarsals (I-V)

What is the most distal layer of bones in the foot connected to the metatarsals?

medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, and cuboid (medial to lateral)

What bone is connected to the cuneiforms?

navicular bone

What bone connects to the cuboid?

calcaneus

What bone is between the navicular and calcaneus?

talus

What are the 3 arches of the foot?

medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal, and transverse

What helps form the foot into arches?

various ligaments

Where is the transverse arch?

the base of the metatarsals