7.1: Decision Making in School

The nature of decision making

1. crucial for success: essential for organisational effectiveness

2. linked with planning: key to good plans

3. support operations: helps in organising, leading and controlling.

Decision-making Models

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1. classical model: finding best solution

2. administrative model: choosing good enough solution

3. incremental model: step-by-step decisions

4. mixed scanning model: big picture thinking + detailed planning

Classical Decision Model

1. get information

2. remove uncertainty

3. think rationally and logically

Make the best decision

1. identify problem

2. create goals

3. generate alternatives

4. consider consequences

5. evaluate alternatives

6. select the best

7. implement

The administrative model: Satisficing

1. recognise problem

2. analyse difficulties

3. set criteria

4. develop a plan

5. initiate and monitor

managers often:

1. incomplete information

2. limited rationality

3. satisficing

4. result

The incremental Model: Muddling

1. small options

2. compare consequences

3. adjust based on results

The mixed-scanning model: an adaptive strategy

1. questions: mission? decisions help achieve it?

2. combination: administrative + incremental

3. process: assess progress and adjust