Humanities Unit Test

William the Conqueror triumphed at the __________ in 1066.

Battle of Hastings

The First Crusade began in __________.

1096

Thomas Becket was murdered in __________ due to his conflict with King Henry II.

1170

King John signed the __________ in 1215 to limit his power.

Magna Carta

Marco Polo journeyed to __________ between 1271 and 1295.

China

Eleanor of Aquitaine died in __________, having influenced European politics.

1204

Saladin recaptured __________ from the Crusaders in 1187.

Jerusalem

The English Peasants Revolt occurred in __________.

1381

The French Peasants Revolt, known as the Jacquerie, happened in __________.

1358

The Hundred Years' War ended in __________.

1453

The Black Death struck Europe between __________ and __________.

1347; 1351

Joan of Arc began her campaign against the __________ in 1429.

English

The Battle of __________ occurred in 1415, where the English won against the French.

Agincourt

__________ is a system where land is exchanged for military service.

Feudalism

A __________ is a piece of land granted to a vassal by a lord.

fief

The __________ is the mutual agreement between a lord and a vassal.

feudal contract

A __________ is an overseer or manager of a manor.

bailiff

A __________ holds land directly from the king and provides military service.

tenant in chief

A __________ community produces everything it needs locally.

self-sufficient

The __________ is the part of a manor directly controlled by the lord.

demesne

__________ are individuals who buy and sell goods for profit.

Merchants

A __________ is a tax typically 10% of a person's income paid to the Church.

tithe

When someone is __________, they are excluded from Church sacraments and services.

excommunicated

A __________ is a religious community where monks or nuns live and work.

monastery

The progression in the medieval craft system includes apprentice, __________, and master.

journeyman

__________ is the code of conduct for knights emphasizing bravery and loyalty.

Chivalry

A __________ is a tax levied on individuals, regardless of their wealth, leading to unrest.

poll tax

The __________ were the early medieval people of England before the Norman Conquest.

Anglo-Saxons

The __________ are descendants of Scandinavian Vikings who influenced England after 1066.

Normans

A __________ is a peasant bound to the land under feudalism.

serf

A __________ owns their own land and enjoys more freedoms than a serf.

freeholder

A __________ provides protection to vassals and peasants in exchange for loyalty.

lord

A __________ receives land from a lord in exchange for military service.

vassal

King __________ is known for signing the Magna Carta to limit his powers.

John

__________ was a Czech reformer executed for opposing the Catholic Church.

John Hus

__________ was an English theologian who advocated for translating the Bible into vernacular.

John Wycliffe

__________ was a French peasant girl who led the army to victory in the Hundred Years’ War.

Joan of Arc

Feudalism emerged after the fall of the __________, using land to gain loyalty.

Roman Empire

During the Middle Ages, law was administered by local courts, ecclesiastical courts, and __________ courts.

royal

Peasants lived on __________, farming the land and producing goods for the lord.

manors

The purpose of __________ was to protect the lord’s territory from invaders.

castles

The Church held significant __________ over medieval life, influencing monarchs and society.

power