17- Nutrition and Eye Health

Flashcards based on lecture notes about the impact of nutrition on eye health, including carotenoids, AMD prevention, and dietary considerations.

Which visual function is not influenced by carotenoids in the fovea?

Visual Acuity

Which two dietary carotenoids deposit all over the body?

Lutein & Zeaxanthin

How does Meso-zeaxanthin form in the retina?

RPE-65 isomerase converts lutein into meso-zeaxanthin, especially if the body does not receive enough zeaxanthin from diet.

What is the zeaxanthin to lutein ratio in the central fovea?

1:1

What are the natural protection features present to prevent AMD pathogenesis?

Antioxidants that are present in the eye (natural blue light filters)

What are examples of natural protection features to prevent AMD pathogenesis?

All

What are other examples of natural protection features to prevent AMD pathogenesis?

All

What is AREDS formula?

Vitamin E + beta carotene + vitamin C + zinc can also reduce risk of AMD

Is it ever possible to cut off 100% blue light by increasing the macular pigment optical density?

No, but macular pigment optical density (lutein and zeaxanthin) reduces the amount that reaches the photoreceptor

What can safely be substituted instead of beta carotene in smokers?

Adding lutein and zeaxanthin can help

What can you give instead of beta carotene to get their Vitamin A?

Lutein and zeaxanthin

What can you not give to smokers so you do not increase lung cancer?

Beta carotene