PBSI 330 EXAM FLASHCARDS

Attachment Theory

Theory exploring how early caregiver relationships influence later adult relationships and personality.

Attachment Theory - Definition

Proposed by John Bowlby; based in evolutionary psychology, explaining caregiving and attachment behavioral systems.

Attachment Theory - Harry Harlow’s research

Monkeys preferred soft 'cloth mother' over 'wire mother' even if the latter provided food, emphasizing comfort and security.

Attachment Theory - Strange Situation

A lab procedure where children are separated and reunited with caregivers to observe attachment styles.

Types of Attachment - Secure

Trusting, open; results from consistent and comforting caregiving; best psychological outcomes.

Types of Attachment - Anxious/Preoccupied

Clingy, anxious; stems from inconsistent caregiving; fear of abandonment.

Types of Attachment - Avoidant/Dismissing

Emotionally distant, avoids closeness; linked to caregivers who were cold or rejecting.

Types of Attachment - Fearful

High anxiety and avoidance; sees both self and others negatively.

Attachment Dimensions - Anxiety

Degree of fear that a partner won’t be available when needed.

Attachment Dimensions - Avoidance

Degree of discomfort with emotional intimacy and dependence.

Attachment Theory - Long-term impact

Shapes adult romantic relationships; not fixed—stable relationships can improve insecure attachment.

Personality Disorders - Defined by…

Enduring patterns of thoughts/behaviors that deviate from cultural expectations, are inflexible, and cause distress.

DSM-IV-TR Clusters - Cluster A

Odd/eccentric (e.g., paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal).

DSM-IV-TR Clusters - Cluster B

Dramatic/erratic (e.g., antisocial, borderline, narcissistic, histrionic).

DSM-IV-TR Clusters - Cluster C

Anxious/fearful (e.g., avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive).

Borderline PD - Hallmark

Emotional instability, identity disturbance, unstable relationships.

Borderline PD - Treatment

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).

Avoidant PD

Fear of criticism or rejection; craves acceptance but avoids relationships.

Antisocial PD

Manipulative, deceitful, impulsive; lacks remorse; often involved in illegal acts.

Paranoid PD

Distrustful, suspicious; believes others have malicious intent.

Big Five - Conscientiousness

Most predictive of job success; linked to self-regulation, goal achievement, and longevity.

Big Five - Neuroticism

Associated with instability in relationships; negative health effects.

Big Five - Agreeableness

Relates to kindness and cooperation; improves satisfaction in relationships.

Big Five - Extraversion

Linked to forming relationships; correlates with job satisfaction and sociability.

Big Five - Openness to Experience

Correlates with creativity, openness to experiences, and self-expansion in relationships.

Big Five - Outcomes & Associations

High C = job success; High N = unstable relationships; High A = positive relationships; High E = many relationships; High O = self-expansion.

Maladaptive Traits - Disinhibition

Extreme low conscientiousness; impulsivity, risk-taking, irresponsibility.

Maladaptive Traits - Antagonism

Extreme low agreeableness; manipulativeness, callousness, grandiosity.

Maladaptive Traits - Detachment

Extreme low extraversion; withdrawal, intimacy avoidance, anhedonia.

Maladaptive Traits - Negative Affectivity

Extreme neuroticism; emotional instability, anxiousness, depressivity.

ORVIS - Social

Helping professions; associated with agreeableness; e.g., nurse, therapist.

ORVIS - Organization

Logistics roles; linked to conscientiousness; e.g., project manager, budgeter.

ORVIS - Analysis

Analytical roles; tied to openness; e.g., scientist, researcher.

ORVIS - Leadership

Leadership roles; requires extraversion; e.g., CEO, political figure.

Vocational Fit

Career satisfaction when job matches personality traits and interests.

Flow

State of deep engagement; occurs when task difficulty matches skill level.

CWB

Counterproductive work behaviors; linked to low C, low A, and high narcissism.

Holland RIASEC

Vocational interest model (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional).

Social Media & Personality

Online traits mirror offline behavior; extraversion & narcissism linked to selfies; neuroticism may be masked.

Dark Triad - Psychopathy

Low empathy + impulsivity; feels no remorse; can be charming but dangerous.

Dark Triad - Narcissism

Grandiose, needs admiration, lacks empathy; can exploit relationships.

Dark Triad - Machiavellianism

Manipulative, strategic, self-serving; ignores conventional morality.