Chapter 11 Vocab CardioVascular System

Anatomy vocab

Pericardium

Double wall sac has 3 layers that enclose the heart

Atria (Atrium)

Two upper cavities/chambers that blood flows through to the ventricles

Ventricles

Two discharging (exits) chambers separated left to right

Septa

A boundary separating two chambers

Fossa Ovalis

A scar, depression from foramen ovale has a role in fetus

AV Valves

Heart valves that regulate blood flow between the atria and ventricles

Chordae Tendineae

Tiny white cords that anchor the cusps to the wall of the ventricles

Systemic Circulation

Blood flow from left atrium of the heart throughout the body tissues and back to the right side of the heart

Pulmonary Circulation

Blood from right atrium of the heart to lungs back to left side of the heart

Coronary Circulation

A branch of systemic circulation

Coronary Vessels

Blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle (Myocardium)

Sinoatrial Node

Crescent shaped node located in the right atrium

Systole

Contraction of ventricles

Diastole

Relaxation of the heart

Cardiac Cycle

Events of one complete heartbeat heart sounds, pressure, ventricular and atrial volume, systole & diastole, and blood movement

Cardiac Output

Amount of blood pumped by each ventricles in 1 minute

Heart Rate

The number of times your heart beats in a minute

Stoke Volume

Volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one contraction

Arteries

Muscular walled tubes that carry blood away from the heart

Arterioles

Small tiny arteries and feeds capillaries

Capillary Beds

Cluster of capillaries

Venules

Very small vein that collects blood from capillaries

Veins

Vessel that carries blood towards the heart

Hepatic Portal System

Circulatory pathway that delivers nutrient-rich blood, oxygen poor blood to the liver

Vital Signs

Measurements of respiratory and body temperature

Pulse

Pressure wave that travels in arterial system

Pressure Points

Pressure waves that are monitored in arteries and can stop blood flow from tissues due to blood loss

Systolic pressure

Pressure at the peak of ventricular contraction

Diastolic Pressure

Pressure when ventricle are relaxing

Peripheral Resistance

The amount of friction blood encounters as it flows through vessels

Vasoconstriction

Narrowing of the blood vessels to increase blood pressure

Hypotension

Low blood pressure systole low

Hypertension

High blood pressure