PSYC 361 -- Humanistic and existential therapies

Id

Part of psyche needing restraint in psychodynamic theory.

Ego

Mediates between id's urges and reality constraints.

Psychoanalysis

Deterministic view of behavior, analyst controls outcomes.

Phenomenology

Study of subjective experience and personal meaning.

Free Will

Ability to make choices, opposite of determinism.

Phenomenological World

Individual's unique perspective influencing behavior.

New Phenomenological Self

Adaptation required for personal change and growth.

Humanistic Therapy

Focuses on free will and personal meaning.

Existential Therapy

Explores individual purpose and existence.

Advanced Empathy

Therapist's interpretation beyond client's conscious awareness.

Primary Empathy

Basic understanding of client's feelings and experiences.

Unconditional Positive Regard

Acceptance of client without judgment in therapy.

Conscious Experience

Awareness of thoughts and feelings in phenomenology.

Subjective Experience

Personal interpretation of events shaping behavior.

Deterministic Behavior

Behavior influenced by unconscious drives and past experiences.

Social Activity

Interaction influencing perception and memory in phenomenology.

Autonomy

Self-governance in decision-making and actions.

Meaning-Making

Process of finding significance in life experiences.

Behavioral Response

Reactions shaped by individual perception of events.

Therapeutic Tools

Methods used in therapy to facilitate self-actualization.

Conundrum in Therapy

Conflict between phenomenology and psychoanalysis in practice.

Three Cornerstones of Humanistic Therapy

Empathy, unconditional positive regard, and authenticity.

PRIMARY empathy

Summarizing client statements back to them.

ADVANCED empathy

Therapist's interpretation beyond client statements.

Cognitive Thinking Level

Focus on client's thoughts and beliefs.

Emotional Thinking Level

Focus on client's feelings and emotions.

Client Centered Framework

Assumes clients view issues through an unproductive lens.

Phenomenology

Individual's interpretation of their experiences and surroundings.

Maladaptive Emotions

Emotions leading to dissatisfaction with life.

Therapist's Insight

Providing new perspectives for client growth.

Interpretative Level

Therapist's deeper understanding of client feelings.

Regurgitation in Therapy

Simply repeating client statements without insight.

Productive Perspective

A new, constructive way of viewing situations.

Testing by Boss

Client's fear of being evaluated negatively.

Masking Anger

Hiding true feelings due to anxiety.

Client's Expectations

What clients believe others expect from them.

Therapeutic Goals

Helping clients shift their phenomenological perspectives.

Unproductive Lens

A negative viewpoint affecting client understanding.

Existential Therapies

Focus on limits and anxiety of uncertainty.

Phenomenology

Study of conscious experience in both therapies.

Anxiety of Uncertainty

Fear stemming from life's unpredictability.

Self Actualization

Achieving one's full potential and capabilities.

Peak Experience

Profound moments of happiness and fulfillment.

Logotherapy

Finding meaning in life to endure suffering.

Fritz Perls

Founder of Gestalt therapy, emphasizing emotion.

Gestalt Therapy

Combines humanistic and existential approaches.

Core of Psychopathology

Avoiding choices leads to lack of meaning.

Open and Loving Relationships

Connecting with others while acknowledging solitude.

Taking Action

Essential for changing one's life circumstances.

Vague Therapeutic Techniques

Lack of specificity in existential therapy methods.

Experiencing Emotion

True meaning derived from emotional experiences.

Needs and Fears

Incorporating personal feelings into therapy.

Now Focus

Emphasis on present moment in therapy.

Awareness Enhancement

Recognizing inner desires and fears for growth.

Biases in Therapy

Unacknowledged influences affecting therapeutic situations.

Creating Meaning

Finding purpose even in difficult circumstances.

Negative Outlook

Existentialism often associated with sadness and anxiety.

I statements

Express personal feelings using first-person language.

The Empty Chair

Technique to address absent individuals symbolically.

Projection of Feelings

Attributing personal emotions to the therapist.

Non Verbal Cues

Body language and gestures conveying emotions.

Paralinguistic Cues

Vocal elements like tone and pitch in communication.

Gestalt Therapy

Focuses on present experiences, not past influences.

Existential Message

Emphasizes freedom to change one's life.

Egocentric Focus

Concentration on self rather than others' needs.

Social Conscience

Awareness of others' needs and responsibilities.

Commitments to Others

Perls advises against obligations to others.

Therapist's Role

Facilitates growth without judgment or ridicule.

Metaphors

Symbolic language to illustrate complex emotions.

Optimistic View

Belief in the possibility of personal change.

Stagnation

Inactivity that therapists strive to overcome.

Highest Potential

Goal of therapy to help individuals achieve.

Rogerian Therapy

Client-centered therapy created by Carl Rogers.

Primary Empathy

Verbatim restatement of client's words.

Advanced Empathy

Restatement with added therapist insights.

Dark Perspective

Focus on the negative aspects of existence.

No Therapy Techniques

Lacks structured methods for treatment.

Relating to Others

Emphasizes interpersonal relationships over self-focus.

Gestalt Therapy

Focuses on awareness of present needs.

Therapy Techniques

Methods to enhance self-awareness in patients.

Insight Focus

Exploration of feelings rather than actions.

Personal Growth

Emphasis on developing one's potential.