FINALS DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING AND ENDOSCOPY

Common contrast agents

• Cystografin

• Renografin

• Hypaque

Cholangioraphy

Procedure to visualize the billary system by injecting contrast media into the common bile duct

• Helps identify obstructions or bile leaks after surgery

Radiolucent

allows x rays to pass through

• Important for a cholangiography because it allows for clear vision of the billary system

Radiopaque

Keeps x rays from going through them

Doppler probe

Used intraoperatively to assess blood flow and the patency of arterial anastomoses

Thoracentesis

Procedure to remove fluid from the pleural space using a needle

• Used to relieve pressure or diagnose infections and malignancies

Pulse oximetry

A non invasive device that measures oxygen saturation (SpO2) in hemoglobin using infrared light

• Commonly placed on fingers, toes, or earlobes

AP radiographic view

Passes from front to back for imaging

• Common in chest x rays, abdominal films, and spinal imaging

Washings in diagnostic studies

Refers to fluid that is aspirated after irrigation of a cavity

• Used to collect cells, bacteria, or other diagnostic materials

Why does an MRI not expose the patient to ionizing radiation

It uses a strong magnetic field and radio frequency to produce images, which are Non-ionizing

Which duct system is visualized during a cholangiogram

Bile duct

What is the difference between a flexible ureteroscope and a rigid one

• Flexible can reach Reno pelvis via natural orifice and is bendable and delicate

• Rigid scopes are straight and stronger used in distal ureter

Why must a laparoscope be warmed before insertion into the body

To prevent fogging

In an AP view x-ray which direction does the beam travel?

Front to back

What must frozen specimens never be placed in?

Formal