Chemical Bonds (Storing and releasing energy)

Protons =

positive (+)

neutrons =

no charge.

both are in..

the nucleus.

Octet Rule are?

Atoms are stable when their outer shell has 8 electrons

Hydrogen & Helium are?

are stable with just 2 electrons.

What many types of bond are there?

4 types of bonds

Ionic Bond

= one atom gives electrons to another.
Example: Salt (sodium + chlorine).

Covalent Bond

= atoms share electrons.
Example: Water (H₂O).

Polar Molecule

= one side is slightly +, the other −.
Example: Water again!

Hydrogen Bonds

= weak bonds between hydrogen in polar molecules.
Makes water "stick" together (high surface tension)

Exergonic Reaction

releases energy (e.g., cellular respiration).

Endergonic Reaction

= stores energy (e.g., photosynthesis).

Metabolism

= all the body’s energy reactions (both exergonic + endergonic).