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Judaism appearance in relation to other relgions
one of the first monotheistic religions
Was anceint Judiasm monotheisitc
possibily or it may have been monolatrist
what does monolatrist mean
worships one God but believes there are others
its a _______ religion
covenant - based (Noah, Abraham, Moses)
what is supersessionism
the Chirstian church has replaced the Jewish people as God’s covenant people
what is the Christian understanding of judaism
supersessionism
what were the different time periods in Jewish history
Ancient, First temple, Second temple, Rabbinic
When was the First temple era
10th to 6th century BCE
when was the second temple era
6th century BCE to 70 CE
when was the destruction of the temple
70 CE
what happend in the middle ages
diaspora, persecution, Anti-semitism and the “teaching of contempt”
what is diaspora
the dispersion of Jews outside of Israel after the destruction of the temples in Jerusalem
what is antisemitism
discrimination agaisnt jewish people
what is the “teaching of contempt”
taught hatred and distain towards Jews by Christians
What happened to the Jews in the Modern period
The Shoah
what is the Shoah
the holocauset
what happened in the Shoah
1/3 of the worlds Jews exterminated (1/2 of European Jews)
/What are LDS-Jewish relations like
mostly good with some areas of tension like Book of Mormon, BYU Jerusalem, temple baptisms
what are the three classifications of “who is a jew”
ethic, national and religious
what is the ethnic definition of a jew
One whose mother is a jew, the original tripe is largely irrelevant
what are the two original tribes?
Ashkenazi (eastern/ central Europe) and Sephardic (Spain, Affrica)
what is the national definiton
when ones grandparent is a jew, israeli government immigration policy
what is Zionism
the establishment of a Jewish nation, secular movement for the most part, goal to create a place where there is no Jewish persecution
what is the religious definition
depends on the denomination
what are common foundations of the covenant
the Hebrew bible and the covenant
what assumption should we avoid
that every jew is a believer
what are the new testament groups
pharisees (rabbi’s), Sadducees (priests), Essenes, and zealots
what are the post-enlightenment (modern) groups with growing order of emphasis on Jewish identity
Reform, Conservative, orthodox (umbrella term - other subgroups)
what is the Hasidic group
an orthodox group with a mystical emphasis
what other groups are there
Haredi (ultra-orthodox), secular, reconstructionist, messianic (considered christains by jews)
how many Jews are there
about 14 million, 13 million equally divided between Israel and the U.S.
what is the main scripture of judaism
the torah
what could the Torah mean
The Pentateuch (5 books of Moses), the whole Hebrew bible (Christian O.T.), the whole law (like the LDS gospel, written/ oral law)
Judiasm is a ______ ______ religiion
text heavy
what is the written Torah
Tanak - Hebrew Bible
what is midrash
the Tanak commentary, debate between different Rabbi’s
what is the Oral Torah
Mishnah - 6 volumes, early 3rd centrly C.E. compilation, basically all the rules for life
what is Gemara
the Mishnah commentary
what is the Talmud
the Mishnah + Gemara
what are the beliefs
central authority in writings and traditions, orthopraxy over orthodoxy, non-anthropomorphic uniqueness of God YHWH, no need for mediation between God and man, free will is rooted in dual tendency to do good and evil
what does orthopraxy over orthodoxy mean
practice over beliefs
what does non anthropomorphic mean
god is not like humans
what is the reason the image of God is in us
he is our consciousness
Who is the Messiah
the human king to rule according to jewish law
what about satan
he is not a personified being
they have very little _____
soteriology (salvation doctrine)
what are typical practices in judaism
prayer, shabbat, circumcision, bar/bat mitzvah, fasting's festivals
what does prayer mean
3 times a day, community prayer in synagogue requires minyan (quorum), Shema, the Amidah prayer, shabbat (religious/cultural)
what’s is shema
prayer, Duet 4:6 - oneness of god
what is the Amidah prayer
19 benedictions/ blessings
what are the items of worship
mezuzah (roll with scripture), tefillin (leather straps connected to scripture), tallit (prayer shawl to cover head), kippah (head covering)
what the the Joyous biblical festivals
Pasach (Passover), Shavuot (Pentecost), Sukkot (Tabernacles)
Pesach (Passover)
spring, exodus from Egypt, God is the redeemer, earliest cereal harvest
Shavuot (pentecost)
In early summer, God gave commandments at Sinai, redemption from Egypt compete with revelation of torah, late cereal harvest and fresh fruit
sukkot (tabernacles)
autumn, god protected Israelites in the desert, god is our protector, final harvest festival of the year
what are the somber holidays
Rosh hashanah to Yom Kipper (30 days before to prep)
Rosh Hashanah
high holy days, begins 10 days of penitence, Jewish new year
Yom Kipper
day of atonement, holiest day, 25 hour fast
what are the non-biblical festivals
Hanukkah (miracle of the oil, 8 days, candles) and Purim (story of Esther, costumes, parties)
