lpsi part 2 lec 6 duidelijker

What is Power Construal?

The way a person interprets or appraises what it means to have power

What are the two ways people can construe power?

As an opportunity or as a responsibility

Power as Opportunity

Viewing power as freedom to pursue goals and make things happen

Power as Responsibility

Viewing power as an obligation to care for others and manage consequences

Why does power sometimes have contradictory effects?

Because people construe power differently; some see it as an opportunity and others as a responsibility

What is the main focus of people who construe power as an opportunity?

Achieving goals, personal freedom, and making things happen

What is the main focus of people who construe power as a responsibility?

Fulfilling duties, considering consequences, and taking care of others

How does construing power as an opportunity affect attention?

It creates a narrow focus on goal-relevant information

How does construing power as a responsibility affect attention?

It creates a broader focus that includes other people, obligations, and consequences

How does power affect goal striving regardless of construal?

Power generally helps people focus on and pursue goals more effectively

Who is more attracted to power: opportunity or responsibility construal?

People who see power as an opportunity

Why is power attractive when construed as an opportunity?

Because it provides freedom, influence, and resources with few perceived demands

Why is power less attractive when construed as a responsibility?

Because it involves obligations, demands, and accountability

Who is more likely to take advice from others?

People who construe power as a responsibility

Why do responsibility-focused powerholders seek more advice?

Because they consider the impact of their decisions on others and want more information

Who is more likely to ignore advice from others?

People who construe power as an opportunity

Why do opportunity-focused powerholders ignore advice more often?

Because they are more confident and focused on achieving their goals

Who is more likely to take risks?

People who construe power as an opportunity

Why do opportunity-focused powerholders take more risks?

Because they focus on achieving goals and pay less attention to other concerns

Who is less likely to take risks?

People who construe power as a responsibility

Why do responsibility-focused powerholders take fewer risks?

Because they consider organizational interests and the consequences for others

How does construing power as an opportunity affect interpersonal behavior?

People focus more on their goals and less on others' outcomes

How does construing power as a responsibility affect interpersonal behavior?

People take others' needs and circumstances into account

What is a moderator?

A variable that changes the strength or direction of a relationship

How does power construal function as a moderator?

It changes the way power influences thoughts, feelings, and behavior

What is a Power Motive?

A desire to obtain influence, control, or impact over others

What is the DoPL Model?

A model proposing three motives for seeking power: Dominance, Prestige, and Leadership

What is Dominance?

A route to power based on coercion, intimidation, and forcing compliance

What is the Dominance Motive?

A desire to coerce others into following one's will

How is power obtained through dominance?

By threats, intimidation, aggression, or coercion

What is a Dominance Hierarchy?

A hierarchy based on force, fear, and coercion

What behaviors are associated with the Dominance Motive?

Anger, aggression, retaliation, and coercive influence

What is Prestige?

A route to power based on admiration, expertise, and respect

What is the Prestige Motive?

A desire to be admired and respected for one's skills and knowledge

How is power obtained through prestige?

Through competence, expertise, and voluntary respect from others

What is a Prestige Hierarchy?

A hierarchy based on admiration and voluntary deference

What behaviors are associated with the Prestige Motive?

Reputation management, competence display, and concern for respect

What is Leadership?

A route to power based on taking initiative and responsibility for a group

What is the Leadership Motive?

A desire to guide a group toward a common goal

How is power obtained through leadership?

Through taking responsibility and coordinating group efforts

What is a Leadership Hierarchy?

A hierarchy based on directing and organizing group activities

What is Granting Leadership?

Group members giving someone authority to lead

What is Claiming Leadership?

Actively seeking or taking on a leadership role

What is a Common Group Goal?

A goal shared by all members of a group

What behaviors are associated with the Leadership Motive?

Helping behavior, responsibility, and group-oriented action

What is Voluntary Deference?

Freely granting influence or respect to another person

What is Coercion?

Forcing others to comply through threats or pressure

What is Legitimized Power?

Power that is accepted as appropriate and justified by group members

What is the key difference between Dominance, Prestige, and Leadership?

Dominance gains power through force, Prestige through admiration, and Leadership through responsibility and coordination