aice international history unit 2.2

collective security

A system in which a group of nations acts as one to preserve the peace of all

Arbitration

settling a dispute by agreeing to accept the decision of an impartial outsider

Covenant of the League of Nations

(1920) established an organization to settle international disputes diplomatically; US never joined; forerunner of the United Nations

Dawes Plan

A plan to revive the German economy, the United States loans Germany money which then can pay reparations to England and France, who can then pay back their loans from the U.S. This circular flow of money was a success.

Disarmament

Reduction of armed forces and weapons

economic sanctions

Boycotts, embargoes, and other economic measures that one country uses to pressure another country into changing its policies.

Kellogg-Briand Pact

Agreement signed in 1928 in which nations agreed not to pose the threat of war against one another

League of Nations

an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations

Locarno Conference

This was a 1925 conference in which France and Germany signed a treaty that guaranteed their boundary. The two countries also agreed not to attack each other in the future.

Mandate System

Allocation of former German colonies and Ottoman possessions to the victorious powers after World War I; to be administered under League of Nations supervision.

Plebiscite

A direct vote in which a country's people have the opportunity to approve or reject a proposal

refugee

A person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster

Secret Diplomacy

Secret agreements between countries

Young Plan

Agreement to reduce reparations, made in 1929 between Germany and countries they owed money to after the First World War

France

agreed to the Dawes Plan as a suitable compromise to Germany's reparations; remained skeptical of German intentions and deeply concerned about its national security

Britain

first countries to establish diplomatic relations with the Bolshevik government; Relations with USSR went back and forth throughout this time period

USA

demonstrated by its lack of interest in joining the League of Nations and lack of participation in European relations; American policies and actions had a profound effect on other countries and the relationships between them

Germany

was prepared to compromise in order to ease its economic problems, achieve national security, regain international recognition as a major power; formally accepted the terms of the Treaty of Versailles

USSR

largely isolated throughout the 1920s; Britain, France, and Italy had restored diplomatic relations

How did the LON plan to improve relations between nations and the lives of their citizens?

-Repatriations of prisoners of war and resettling refugees

-Promoting improvements in public health

-Encouraging the development of education

-Providing loans to new countries

General Assembly

This is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations and the only one in which all member nations have equal representation. Its powers are to oversee the budget of the United Nations, appoint the non-permanent members to the Security Council, receive reports from other parts of the United Nations and make recommendations in the form of General Assembly Resolutions.

The Council

decides the permanent and non permanent members

The Secretariat

Generic term used to denote the bureaucratic leaders of a communist party.

The Permanent Court of International Justice

Where several countries work together so they can strengthen their security by discussion.

Commissions and Committees

There were two meetings for international labor, health, drug problems, women's rights, and child welfare.

Aaland Islands 1921

Although belong to Finland the population of the islands entirely spoke Swedish. The citizens wanted to become a part of Sweden however Finland was not onboard.

Mosul 1924

Mosul which is a city part of the Turkish Empire became part of the British mandate of Iraq. Turkey demanded their control of the area again.

Memel 1923

The port of Memel in the area surrounding it was under the leagues control. Lithuania claimed the region as their own.

Corfu Incident 1923

• Mussolini's navy bombards Greek island of Corfu

• Greece pays fine to Italy

• no League involvement

Invasion of the Ruhr 1923

France invaded the Ruhr after Germany fell short on the reparations. League was not even consulted.