A+P Lab 1: SKULL BONES

How much total cranial volume (in liters) are present in the skull?

1.35 Liters

Cranial Fossa

Anterior Cranial Fossa

formed by the frontal bone and part of the sphenoid bone

Medial Cranial Fossa

sphenoid, temporal and occipital bones

Posterior Cranial Fossa

supports the cerebellum of the brain

Frontal Bone

bone that forms the forehead

Supraorbital Margin

The superior rim of the eye socket located on the frontal bone.

Supraorbital Foramen

opening above each orbit allowing blood vessels and nerves to pass

Parietal Bone

a bone forming the central side and upper back part of each side of the skull.

Sagittal Suture

between parietal bones

Occipital Bone

Bone that protrudes at the base of the skull

Foramen Magnum

A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord.

Occipital Condyle

ridges on left and right of foramen magnum

Temporal Bone

bone that forms parts of the side of the skull and floor of the cranial activity. There is a right and left temporal bone.

External Auditory (acoustic) Meatus

ear canal

Styloid Process

pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

Jugular Foramen

Zygomatic Process

a projection of the temporal bone that forms part of the zygoma

Malleus

"hammer"

Incus

"anvil"

Stapes

"stirrup"

Ethmoid Bone

Light spongy bone between the eye sockets; forms part of the nasal cavities.

Crista Galli

ethmoid bone

Cribiform Plate

superior surface of the ethmoid; perforated by a foramina which allows passage of the olfactory nerves, which provide sense of smell

Perpendicular Plate

forms superior part of nasal septum

Fragile Nasal Turbinates (Concha)

long, narrow, curled shelves of bone that protrude into the breathing passage of the nose

Sphenoid Bone

forms part of the base of the skull and parts of the floor and sides of the orbit

Body of Sphenoid Bone

central section of sphenoid

Sella Turcica

depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located

Superior Orbital Fissure

Optic Foramen

On either side ochiasmatic groove -transmits optic nerve (CN II) along with its meningeal coverings, and the ophthalmic artery

Maxilla

origin for teeth of upper jaw

Alveolar Margin (of the Maxilla)

inferior margin of maxilla containing sockets for teeth

Palatine Process

forms the anterior portion of the hard palate (roof) of the mouth also forms parts of the nasal cavity and eye orbits

Frontal Process

Process of the zygomatic bone that extends upward to articulate with the frontal bone at the outer edge of the orbit

Mandible

origin for teeth of lower jaw

Ramus

An extension of a bone making an angle with the rest of the structure

Condyle (of the Mandible)

A ball like structure that forms the hinge between the maxilla and the mandible and is a part of the temporomandibular joint

Coronoid Process (of the Mandible)

flattened upward projection from the anterior margin of the mandibular ramus

Alveolar Margin (of the Mandible)

superior margin of the mandible; contains sockets in which the teeth lie

Zygomatic Bone

the arch of bone beneath the eye that forms the prominence of the cheek

Zygomatic Arch

cheek bone

Nasal Bone

bridge of nose

What does the extension of cartilage at the end of the Nasal Bone provide?

distal flexion

Lacrimal Bone

small fragile bone making up part of the front inner walls of each eye socket and providing room for the passage of the lacrimal ducts

Lacrimal Fossa

canal that houses lacrimal sac; formed from the maxilla and lacrimal bone

Palatine Bone

either of two irregularly shaped bones that form the back of the hard palate and helps to form the nasal cavity and the floor of the orbits

Hard Palate

roof of the mouth

Soft Palate

muscular posterior (back) portion of the palate

Vomer

nasal septum

Orbit

holds the eye and its nerves/blood vessels

Inferior Orbital Fissure

fissure in the orbit floor between maxilla and greater wing of sphenoid

Optic Canal (Foramen)

the hole in the orbit. connects optic nerve to brain

How many bones form the edges of the Orbit?

7

How many Cranial Sutures are there?

5

Coronal Suture

the suture between the parietal and frontal bones of the skull

Lambdoid Suture

between parietal bones and occipital bone

Squamous Suture

Between parietal and temporal bones

Occipitomastoid Suture

connects occipital and temporal bones

Anterior and Posterior Cranial Fontanel

How many Cranial Fossa are there?

3

If the Fossa are too small during early childhood, does the brain have space to grow?

Nasal Cavity

hollow space behind the nose

Nasal Septum

a wall of cartilage that divides the nose into two equal sections

Superior Nasal Concha

Middle Nasal Concha

Inferior Nasal Concha

Paranasal Sinuses

air pockets that provide a shock-absorber like function and make the skull lighter in weight

Frontal Sinus

cavity within the frontal bone

Ethmoid Sinus

Mucosa lined air spaces located above the Sphenoid Sinus and below the frontal sinus.

Maxillary Sinus

largest paranasl sinus; pyramidal; on cheek bone lateral to nasal bone

Sphenoid Sinus

sinus above and behind the nose