Radiology

Radiography

Imaging using X-rays

Radiograph

An X-ray image

Radiogram

A record/image produced by X-rays

Radiotherapy

Treatment using radiation

Tomography

Imaging by sections/slices (like CT scans)

Tomogram

A cross-sectional image of body tissue

Tomograph

A device that makes sectional images

Tomotherapy

Radiation therapy that targets a tumor from many angles

Scintigraphy

Imaging using radioactive tracers

Scintigram

Image from a radioactive scan

Scintillagraphy

Another term for scintigraphy

Scintillogram

Same as scintigram

Scintillotherapy

Therapy using radioactive substances

Ultrasonography

Imaging using high-frequency sound waves

Ultrasonogram

The image produced by ultrasound

Ultrasonograph

Machine used to perform ultrasound

Ultrasonotherapy

Therapy using ultrasound waves

Cinematography

Motion picture recording

Cinematograph

Device for recording motion (used in diagnostic imaging)

Cinematogram

A motion recording/image

Radiocinematograph

A movie of organ movement using X-rays

Thermography

Imaging of body heat patterns

Thermogram

A record of heat distribution in the body

Thermotherapy

Treatment using heat

Echography

Imaging using echoes of sound waves (same as ultrasonography)

Echogram

Image made using echo (ultrasound)

Echograph

Device for echo-based imaging

Echotherapy

Therapy using focused sound waves (experimental)

Contrast study

X-ray with contrast (like barium sulfate) to better visualize organs.

CAT scan

A detailed X-ray that creates cross-sectional and 3D images of the body using computer processing.

Radiology

This is the study of using X-rays to diagnose or treat diseases.

Cholangiography

X-ray of bile ducts using contrast to outline their structure.

ERCP

Uses an endoscope + contrast to examine bile and pancreatic ducts with X-rays.

PTC

Injects contrast into liver bile ducts through the skin to view them on X-ray.

CT Coronary Angiography

Non-invasive CT scan using iodine contrast to create 3D images of coronary arteries and detect blockages.

Cardiac Catheterization

Invasive test where a catheter is guided to the heart through an artery; contrast is used, and X-rays are taken of the coronary arteries.

Fluoroscopy

X-ray technique that shows real-time, moving images of organs using a fluoroscope instead of a still X-ray film.

Ultrasonography

Uses high-frequency sound waves and a transducer to make images of soft tissues—no radiation involved.

MRI

Noninvasive scan using a magnetic field and radio waves to make detailed images of tissues—no radiation involved.

Nuclear Medicine

Imaging that uses radioactive tracers and a gamma camera to study organ function; includes in vivo (inside the body) and in vitro (lab test) methods.

Bone Scan

A nuclear medicine test using ⁹⁹ᵐTc to detect bone disease, cancer, or infection by tracking phosphate uptake in bone.

RAIU

A thyroid scan using radioactive iodine to show thyroid size, shape, and activity; cold spots may indicate cancer, hot spots suggest hyperactivity.

PET scan

Imaging that uses a radioactive glucose tracer to show metabolic activity, especially helpful in detecting cancer and brain/heart function.

Teletherapy

Radiation is delivered from outside the body, aimed at the tumor from a distance.

Brachytherapy

Radiation is placed directly inside or next to the tumor, usually in a body cavity (like the prostate or cervix).

Radiation Therapy

A treatment using X-rays or gamma rays to shrink tumors or destroy cancer cells by damaging their DNA; often combined with surgery or chemotherapy.