chapter 9 - axial skeleton

cranial bones, facial bones, facial bone landmarks, the nasal septum, and the hard palate

cranial bones

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid

frontal bone

bone that forms the forehead

occipital bone

bone that protrudes at the base of the skull

sphenoid bone

forms part of the base of the skull and parts of the floor and sides of the orbit

ethmoid bone

forms part of the posterior portion of the nose, the orbit, and the floor of the cranium

parietal bones (paired)

cranial bones that form the superior and lateral skull

temporal bones

form the sides and base of the cranium; the lateral bones on each side of the cranium; the temples

facial bones

lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, zygomatic

mandible

lower jaw bone

vomer

forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum

maxillae (paired, singular is maxilla)

the two fused bones forming the upper jaw

zygomatic bones (paired)

form cheekbones

lacrimal bones (paired)

make up part of the orbit at the inner angle of the eye

nasal bones (paired)

form bridge of nose attached to cartilages that form nose

inferior nasal conchae (paired)

the lowermost scroll-shaped bones on the sidewalls of the nasal cavity

palatine bones (paired)

form part of the hard palate of the mouth and the floor of the nose

alveoli of the maxillae

sockets of the inferior margin in which the teeth sit

palatine process

forms the anterior portion of the hard palate (roof) of the mouth, also forms parts of the nasal cavity and eye orbits

body of the mandible

horizontal portion of the lower jaw

mental foramina

openings in chin for nerves and blood vessels

rami of the mandible

posterior branches, one of either side of the body of mandible

condylar process (mandibular condyles)

rounded processes on rami that articulate with temporal bone at the mandibular fossa to form the TMJ

coronoid process of the mandible

insertion of temporalis

lacrimal fossae

depression that is home to the lacrimal gland (superior and lateral portion of the border of the orbit, part of the frontal bone)

temporal process

arch of bone extending posteriorly from the zygomatic bone

zygomatic arch

the cheek bone

the nasal septum

vomer, perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, septal cartilages

vomer

nasal septum

perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone

superior portion of the bony nasal septum

septal cartilages

flat cartilage structure that forms the anterior portion of the nasal septum

the hard palate

palatine processes of the maxillary bones, palatine bones

palatine processes of the maxillary bones

form the anterior part of the hard palate of the mouth

palate bones (hard palate)

posterior nasal spine, horizontal plate