Unit 1 Practical Exam

Anatomical position

body standing upright, arms at side with palms facing forward, and feet at shoulder width and parallel, toes forward

superior

towards the head

inferior

away from the head

anterior

toward the front of the body (ventral)

posterior

toward the back of the body (dorsal)

medial

toward the midline of the body

lateral

away from the midline of the body

proximal

towards the attachment of an extremity

distal

away from the attachment of an extremity

deep

inside and away from the surface of the body

superficial

inside and toward the surface of the body

sagittal Plane

a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts

frontal plane

vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions

transverse plane

horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions

ventral cavity

thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

dorsal cavity

cranial and vertebral cavities

cranial cavity

contains the brain

vertebral cavity

contains the spinal cord

thoracic cavity

contains heart and lungs

abdominal cavity

Contains stomach, intestines, spleen, liver, and other organs

pelvic cavity

Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum

right upper quadrant

RUQ

left upper quadrant

LUQ

right lower quadrant

RLQ

left lower quadrant

LLQ

right hypochondriac region

right lateral region just below the ribs

epigastric region

superior to the umbilical region

left hypochondriac region

left upper region below the rib cartilage

right lumbar region

right middle region near the waist

umbilical region

The central region, which includes the umbilicus

left lumbar region

left middle region near the waist

right iliac region

lower right region

hypogastric region

inferior to the umbilical region

left iliac region

lower left region

simple squamous epithelium

simple cuboidal epithelium

simple columnar epithelium

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

transitional epithelium

areolar connective tissue

adipose connective tissue

reticular connective tissue

dense irregular connective tissue

dense regular connective tissue

blood

osseous tissue

hyaline cartilage

fibrocartilage

elastic cartilage

skeletal muscle

smooth muscle

cardiac muscle

nervous tissue

Goblet cell

Mucus-producing cell found in simple columnar epithelium and pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

(cell is indicated by arrow)

Pacinian corpuscles

Epidermis

Dermis

Hypodermis

Hair shafts

Sebaceous gland

Arrector pili muscles

Sudoriferous glands

Hair follicles

Veins

Arteries

Stratum corneum

Stratum granulosum

Stratum spinosum

Stratum basale

Tactile corpuscles