Agreeableness and conscientiousness

What is conscientiousness?

alwat=ys prepared, pay attention to details, like order, follow schedule

What is agreeableness?

sympathise with others’ feelings, soft heart, feel others emotions, make people feel at ease

Why is it dangerous when A and C are both low?

don’t think through consequences of actions and are not in tune with feelings of others

What are the aspects and facets of conscientiousness?

industriousness - self discipline, competence

orderliness - neatness, perfectionism, punctuality

Damage to what brain areas are linked with low conscientiousness?

right medial OFC

dorsolateral PFC (especially self discipline facet)

What regions does the Goal Priority Network consist of?

parts of anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral PFC

What are the aspects and facets of agreeableness?

compassion - empathy, concern, sympathy

politeness - compliance, morality, selflessness

How do we measure theory of mind (ToM)?

False beliefs tasks (e.g. Sally-Anne task)

reading the mind in the eyes task

Stiller Dunbar stories to assess cog ToM

increased activity in the Default Mode System (DMN) means?

increased activity in DMN = less focused on what’s happening around you

Agreeableness and ToM are determined by what network?

dorsomedial network within default network

Emotion contagion

sharing an affective state with another person

What is empathy?

self-related emotion often related to negative emotions (such as stress) => withdrawal and non-social behaviour

What is compassion?

often linked to positive emotions (such as love) => prosocial behaviour

Where can we find evidence for a double dissociation between empathy and ToM?

autistic individuals

What brain area did Kanske (2015) find to be active during compassion but not in response to empathy?

ventral striatum

What did Dam et al find about trait aggression? What measures did they use?

Those low in the traits of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness
and high in the trait of Neuroticism, appeared to be at higher risk of
exhibiting aggressive behaviour.

Administered the NEO Personality Inventory‐Revised (NEO PI‐R) and the
Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ)

UPPS model of impulsivity?

lack of perseverance - low industriousness, relates to C

lack of premeditation - low C and high E

urgency - high C, A, N

sensation seeking - linked closely to E