TOPIC 6: CLASSIFICATIONS OF GOVT

MONARCHY

A form of government where a single person, the monarch, rules the state. They typically hold their position for life, often inheriting the title, and may have either absolute or constitutional powers.

DICTATORSHIP

A form of government where a single leader or party holds absolute power, often acquired and maintained by force. Citizens typically have limited political freedoms or rights.

ABSOLUTE MONARCHY

A form of monarchy where the monarch has unrestricted power, and their decrees are law. The monarch's authority is not limited by a constitution or legislative body.

LIMITED MONARCHY

A form of monarchy where the monarch's powers are restricted by a constitution or laws, often sharing authority with an elected body.

1. Monarchy

2. Dictatorship

GOVERNMENT BY ONE PERSON

1. Aristocracy

2. Oligarchy

GOVERNMENT BY THE FEW

1. Democracy

GOVERNMENT BY THE MANY

ARISTOCRACY, ARISTO, RULE

____________ is defined from the Greek etymology “______” which means best and “kratia or kratos” means _______.

ARISTOCRACY

This is a government by the “best” members of the community.

DEMOS, PEOPLE

Democracy is derived from the Greek term “_______” which means __________, and “kratia or kratos” which means to rule.

DEMOCRACY

• The political power is exercised by a majority of the people.

• “a government by the people, of the people, and for the people.”

1. Direct or pure democracy

2. Indirect, representative, or republican democracy

DEMOCRATIC GOVT. CLASSIFIED INTO TWO

Direct or pure democracy

the will of the state is formulated or expressed directly and immediately through the people in a mass meeting or primary assembly rather than through the medium of delegates or representatives.

Indirect, representative, or republican democracy

the will of the state is formulated and expressed through the agency of a relatively small and select body of persons chosen by the people to act as their representatives.

PRESIDENTIAL GOVERNMENT

the executive power is exercised by a single president elected by popular vote. He holds office for a specific period of time as fixed by the constitution of the state.

PARLIAMENTARY GOVERNMENT

• the executive power belongs to the Prime Minister and his Cabinet.

• The leaders of the majority party remain in office as long as they have the confidence and support of the parliamentary majority.

UNITARY GOVERNMENT

the control of national and local affairs is exercised by the central or national government.

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

• The powers of government are divided between 2 sets of organs, one for national affairs and the other for local affairs.

• It is well adapted to large countries populated by people of different races, nationalities, cultures, languages, and religions.

1. Advancement of the public welfare

2. Consequence of absence

PURPOSES AND NECESSITY OF GOVERNMENT

Advancement of the public welfare

• Governments exist for the benefit of the people governed.

• It is necessary for the protection of society and its members, the security of persons and property, the administration of justice, the preservation of the state from external danger, and advancement of physical, economic, social, and cultural well-being.

Consequence of absence

Without an organized structure, anarchy and disorder, and general feeling of fear and insecurity will prevail in society, progress and development will not be possible, rights can never be enjoyed.