Management Chapter 12 Overview

Motivation

defined as the psychological processes that arouse and direct behavior

• simple model: people have certain needs that motivate them to perform specific behaviors for which they receive rewards and feedback

extrinsic reward

payoff, such as money, reconginztion or encouragement, a person recieves from other for performing a particular task.

intrinsic rewards

the feeling of accomplishment, a person receives from performing the particular task itself 

There are four major perspectives on motivation, with subgroups(since every organization is different) 

content theories, process theories, job design theories, reinforcement theories 

content theories

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, McClelland’s acquired needs, Deci and Ryan’s self determination theory, Herzberg’s two factory theory

Process theories

equity/ justice theory, expectancy theory, goal setting theory

Job design theories 

scientific management theories, job enlargement and job enrichment, the job characteristics model, relational job characteristics