HS Exam 3 - Infectious Diseases

vector

any agent that can carry/transmit pathogen to another organism

bacterial infections

common

colonization - establish a port of entry

invasion/spread

respiratory bacterial infections

sinusitis (chronic = > 3 months)

pneumonia

pertussis (whooping cough)

strep throat

tuberculosis

leading cause of death in children globally

pneumonia

skin bacterial infections

impetigo (red sores/blisters, common in children)

conjunctivitis (pink eye)

other bacterial infections

meningitis

STIs

fungal infection

yeast infection

ex: Athlete’s foot

protozoa

toxoplasmosis

from animal feces (zoomotic)

metazoa

tapeworm

lice

pinworm

herd immunity

large % (85-95%) vaccinated decreases infectious diseases

whole pathogen vaccine

pathogen is present but killed/weakened

bad side effects

subunit vaccine

parts of pathogen (protein, etc)

require multiple doses

newer vaccines

DNA plasmid

mRNA

recombinant vector vaccines

phase 1 vaccine trials

is it safe?

use healthy participants

max ~100 people

phase 2 vaccine trials

targeted population

safe? dosage that is effective?

~100-500 people

phase 3 vaccine trials

efficacy - better than standard of care?

many trials

diverse sample

phase 4 vaccine trials

scaling

population

rare side effects compared to VAERS