MCAT P/S terms

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Observer effect/ Hawthorne effect

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22 Terms

1

Observer effect/ Hawthorne effect

Emotions in real life are experienced in a more dynamic and multifaceted way, participants in lab studies may alter behavior due to awareness of being observed.

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2

Trace decay theory

Memories fade over time, particularly enhanced in older individuals due to age-related factors.

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3

Schacter-Singer theory

Emotions result from the interaction between physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation, leading to emotional experiences.

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4

James-Lange theory

Emotion is the physiological response to external events, processed sequentially for emotional response.

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5

Validity

Related to the accuracy of a study, ensuring the results are reliable and true to the research.

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6

Jean Piaget stages

Sensorimotor, Pre-operational, Concrete operational, and Formal operational stages of cognitive development.

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7

Polycistronic

Describes messenger RNA with multiple coding regions.

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8

EEGs

Measure electrical activity in the brain, indicating arousal levels.

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9

Intelligence

Galton's theory, Binet's IQ concept, Spearman's g factor, and Thorndike's three areas of intelligence.

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10

Memory

Sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory, and different types of memory like declarative and nondeclarative.

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11

Attitude

Evaluation of a person, idea, or object, consisting of cognitive, affective, and behavioral components.

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12

Attribution

Describes how individuals perceive the causes of experiences, distinguishing between internal and external attributions.

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13

Hidden curriculum

Norms, values, and beliefs unintentionally taught in schools.

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14

Self-serving bias

Tendency to attribute positive outcomes to internal qualities and negative outcomes to external factors.

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15

Fundamental attribution error

Overemphasizing internal factors in explaining others' behavior.

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16

Kohlberg's theory of moral development

Preconventional, Conventional, and Post-conventional stages of moral reasoning.

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17

PETs

Functional imaging technique using radiotracers to visualize metabolic processes in the brain.

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18

Convergence

Binocular cue for depth perception based on the inward movement of eyes.

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19

Conformity

Acquiescence to group behavioral standards.

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20

Functionalism

Views society as a connected structure meeting societal needs through institutions.

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21

Bystander effect

Decreased likelihood of receiving help with more onlookers present due to diffusion of responsibility.

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22

Looking glass self

Perception of how others see us influences our self-concept.

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