Carl Rogers

Carl Rogers

He was an influential psychologist best known for his humanistic approach to therapy and groundbreaking work in client centered/Person centered therapy

Agriculture, Religion, Psychology

Carl Rogers studied what?

Person Centered Theory

It was developed by Carl Rogers, emphasizes the importance of creating a supportive and empathetic environment where individuals can achieve self-actualization and personal growth through unconditional positive regard, empathy, and congruence.

Basic Assumptions

formative tendency and the actualizing tendency.

Formative Tendency

It is a universal creative process where matter evolves from simpler to more complex forms, as seen in galaxies, crystals, living organisms, and human consciousness.

Actualizing Tendency

Rogers concept that describes a fundamental drive in humans, animals, and plants to grow, fulfill potentials, and achieve self-enhancement when provided with supportive conditions like authenticity, empathy, and unconditional positive regard. In humans, this process includes both maintaining the current self and embracing growth despite challenges, leading to self-actualization

Actualizing Tendency

this process includes both maintaining the current self and embracing growth despite challenges, leading to self-actualization

Self Actualization

In actualizing tendency this process includes both maintaining the current self and embracing growth despite challenges, leading to _________________

The Self and Self Actualization

According to Rogers (1959), infants develop a sense of self through personalized experiences, and as self actualization evolves as a subset of the broader actualization tendency, harmony between one's organismic experiences and self-perception becomes crucial for psychological congruence. (postulated two self subsystems, the self-concept and the ideal self.)

organismic experiences

self actualization evolves as a subset of the broader actualization tendency, harmony between one's ________________________ and self-perception becomes crucial for psychological congruence.

Self Concept

It encompasses an individual's perceived experiences and being, with changes often resisted unless a supportive and accepting environment encourages ownership of previously rejected experiences

Ideal Self

It is how a person wishes to be, and being close to this image leads to better mental well-being

Awareness

Without awareness the self-concept and the ideal self would not exist

Awareness

"the symbolic representation (not necessarily in verbal symbols) of some portion of our experience"

Denied Experiences, Accurately Symbolized Experiences, Distorted Experiences

What are the Levels of Awareness?

Denial of Positive Experiences

Many people struggle to accept genuine compliments, often distorting or dismissing them due to feelings of inadequacy or distrust. Compliments may feel threatening because they imply the giver also has the power to criticize

Contact, Positive Regard, Positive Self Regard

what are the 3 BECOMING A PERSON

Barriers to Psychological Health

Not everyone becomes a psychologically healthy person. Rather, most people experience conditions of worth, incongruence, defensiveness, and disorganization

Conditions of Worth

Self-Structure, Influence Incongruence, External Evaluations

Incongruence

Organism vs. Self, Incongruence and Vulnerability, Anxiety and Threat

Defensiveness

Distortion, Denial, Purpose

Disorganization

Cause, Vulnerability in Therapy, Behavioral Example, Rogers Perspective

The Person of Tomorrow

Rogers' evolving theory of personality, from the "altered personality" to the "person of tomorrow.

Altered Personality

In The Person of Tomorrow, from the "___________________" to the "person of tomorrow"

Congruence, Unconditional Positive Regard, Empathy

What are the 3 necessary conditions in "The Person of Tomorrow"?

The Person of Tomorrow

Possible Characteristics of this are: more adaptable, open to their experiences, live fully in the moment harmonious relations with others, more integrated, basic trust of human nature, experience a greater richness in life

Carl Rogers

He believe that people have tendency to fulfill their own Maximum potential

Maximum Potential

Rogers believe that people have tendency to fulfill their own _______________

Philosophy of Science

Scientist, Therapist, Personal Theorist

Philosophy of Science

"science begins and ends with the subjective experience, although everything in between must be objective and empirical"

Philosophy of Science

Science begins when an intuitive scientist starts to perceive patterns among phenomena."

Philosophy of Science

"scientists should be completely involved in the phenomena being studied."

Philosophy of Science

"Scientific discovery starts with intuitive pattern recognition, evolving into testable hypotheses nurtured by open-minded scientists.

Philosophy of Science

"methodology is different from methos of science"

Philosophy of Science

"Communication of findings is subjective"

Science

It begins and ends with the subjective experience, although everything in between must be objective and empirical"

Scientist

They should be completely involved in the phenomena being studied."

Science

It begins when an intuitive scientist starts to perceive patterns among phenomena.

Scientific Discovery

It starts with intuitive pattern recognition, evolving into testable hypotheses nurtured by open-minded scientists.

Methodology

It is different from methos of science

Communication of Findings

It is is subjective

Self Discrepancy Theory

Higgins expanded Rogers' idea into _________________________, suggesting that differences between our real and ideal selves can cause feelings like anxiety or sadness. Studies showed that people with big self-discrepancies feel more negative emotions, especially when they focus on their differences, like when looking in a mirror. One study found that those with larger self-discrepancies might drink more alcohol to cope, but the effects of self-awareness on mood were complex