WileyPLUS. Chapter 23. The Respiratory System.

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Which of the following is NOT part of the upper respiratory system?

A. Nose

B. Oral cavity

C. Pharynx

D. Trachea

E. Nasal meatuses

Trachea

Which of the following is a passageway for air, food and water?

A. Pharynx

B. Larynx

C. Paranasal sinuses

D. Trachea

E. Esophagus

Pharynx

Which structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea?

A. Arytenoid cartilage

B. Epiglottis

C. Nasopharynx

D. Thyroid cartilage

E. Paranasal sinus

Epiglottis

Which structure is located anterior to the esophagus and carries air to the bronchi?

A. Trachea

B. Larynx

C. Nasopharynx

D. Pharynx

E. None of these choices

Trachea

Which of the following is the primary gas exchange site?

A. Trachea

B. Bronchiole

C. Nasal sinuses

D. Alveolus

E. Bronchus

Alveolus

The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called

Carina

Which of the following are cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant?

A. Type I alveolar cells

B. Type II alveolar cells

C. Type III alveolar cells

D. Surface cells

E. Macrophages

Type II alveolar cells

Which of the following indicates the direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs?

A. Oxygen into blood, Carbon dioxide into blood

B. Oxygen out of blood, Carbon dioxide into blood

C. Oxygen into blood, Carbon dioxide out of blood

D. Oxygen out of blood, Carbon dioxide out of blood

Oxygen into blood, Carbon dioxide out of blood

Which of the following is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport?

A. Bound to hemoglobin

B. Bound to oxygen

C. Dissolved in plasma as a gas

D. Dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ions

E. Diffusion

Dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ions

The MOST important factor that determines the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin is

PO2 (the partial pressure of oxygen)

Where is the rhythmicity center for respiration?

in the medulla

The volume of one breath is called the

tidal volume

The sum of the partial pressures of nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, water vapor and other gasses in our environment is called

atmospheric pressure

If each hemoglobin molecule has bound 3 oxygen molecules, the hemoglobin is considered to be saturated at what percentage?

75%

The ________ cartilages of the larynx play the most important part in sound production.

arytenoid

A bronchopulmonary segment is directly supplied by a ____________.

tertiary (segmental) bronchus.

In external respiration __________, while __________ occurs in internal respiration.

oxygen moves from the alveoli to the pulmonary capillaries; carbon dioxide moves from the tissues to the systemic capillaries.

Surfactant lowers the surface tension of alveolar fluid; it is produced by

type II alveolar cells.

After holding our breath briefly, what eventually forces us to take a breath?

increasing carbon dioxide levels.

Within the wall of the trachea and bronchi are structures which provide rigid support so they do not collapse during inspiration. These structures are composed of

stacked C-shaped cartilage rings

Together, the respiratory and ___ systems regulate body fluids to avoid instances of acidosis or alkalosis.

urinary