APHUG Chap 10

1. Expected years of schooling; developed vs. developing

Developed 16.3 years in school

9.3 years in sub saharan africa and 10.2 years in South Asia

2. Ratio of young to old people

The number of young people is six times higher than the number of old people

Widening inequality in the U.S. and U.K.

It begin decreasing in the late 20th century but began increasing in the early 21st century

U.S. vs developed countries in regard to mortality rate during childbirth

women in the US have the highest mortality rate in developed countries.

Know the 4 Asian Dragon countries

South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan and Hong Kong

What is Stage 1 of Rostow's 5 stages?

Traditional Society

What is Stage 2 of Rostow's 5 stages?

Preconditions for takeoff

What is Stage 3 of Rostow's 5 stages?

Takeoff

What is Stage 4 of Rostow's 5 stages?

Drive to maturity

What is Stage 5 of Rostow's 5 stages?

Age of mass consumption

Petroleum rich states and time period of that industry's growth

Petroleum-rich states are the Arabian Peninsula, which includes Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, UAE. Prices escalated in the beginning of the 1970s

Barriers to Indian trade and solution

India dismantled its formidable collection of barriers to international trade:

- Foreign companies were allowed to set up factories and sell in India.

- Tariffs and restrictions on the import and export of goods were reduced or eliminated

- Monopolies in communication, insurance, and other industries were eliminated

What is microfinance?

The provision of small loans and other financial services to individuals and small businesses in developing countries that are unable to obtain loans from commercial banks.

What is an example of a microfinance institution in a foreign country?

Grameen Bank in Bangladesh

Fair trade price and returns for producing countries

Fair trade returns on average ⅓ of the price to the producer in the developing country

Know maquiladoras and specifics of what it is from slides

These factories take raw materials and assemble, manufacture, or process them and export the finished product.

What happens in the first stage of Rostows model

First Stage: Traditional

-Subsistence farms - w/ limited technology

-Rigid social structure

-Resistance to change - transition triggered by external influence

What happens in the second stage of Rostows model

Second Stage: Preconditions for Take-Off

-Progressive Leadership - commercial exploitation of agriculture & extractive industries

-Greater flexibility - installation of infrastructure: roads, railways, etc.

-Greater openness to new technology

What happens in the third stage of Rostows model

Third Stage: Take Off

-Experiences industrial growth

-Urbanization

-Industrialization, technology & mass production

What happens in the fourth stage of Rostows model

Fourth Stage: Drive to Maturity

-Diffusion of technology

-Industrial specialization

-International trade

-Modernization at the core

-Population growth is reduced

What happens in the fifth stage of Rostows model

Fifth Stage: High Mass Consumption

-Mass consumption - widespread production of goods & services

-High incomes

-Majority of workforce in service sector

Know what NGO's are and comprehend examples of it

NGOs are non-profit organizations. They ARE NOT part of a government

Know MAIN difference between Rostow's model and the Dependency Theory

The main difference between the two is that the dependency theory claims that periphery countries will stay periphery while Rostow's model claims that all countries can have economic prosperity.

Know why fair trade was developed and who it affects

When you treat farmers and workers fairly, everyone benefits. Fair trade helps businesses source products that are ethically and sustainably produced while giving consumers confidence that the people behind the products they buy get a fair deal for their hard work.

Know the traits of a highly developed countries in regard to sectors

Highly developed countries have a shrinking secondary sector and established tertiary, quaternary, quinary sectors

Know what a microcredit is and examples

loans given to poor people, particularly women, to encourage development of small businesses

Know which country has the highest GDP currently

China

Know the characteristics of the Human Development Index

Overall HDI score is based on..

1. A decent standard of living

2. A long and healthy life

3. Access to knowledge

What does MDC stand for?

More Developed Country

What are some characteristics of MDCs?

Former empires, focus on tertiary economic activities, use of robotics in assembly lines.

Give an example of an MDC.

United States, Japan, or Germany

What does LDC stand for?

Less Developed Country

What are some characteristics of LDCs?

Former colonies, primary economic activity is raw materials.

Give an example of an LDC.

Kenya, Cambodia, or Haiti