AP Seminar Glossary

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74 Terms

1

argument

a claim or thesis that conveys a perspective developed through a line of reasoning and supported by evidence

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2

assumption

a belief regarded as true and often unstated

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3

author

one who creates a work (e.g., article; research study; foundational, literary, or philosophical text; speech, broadcast, or personal account; artistic work or performance) that conveys a perspective and can be examined

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4

bias

a personal opinion, belief, or value that may influence ones judgment

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5

claim

a statement made about an issue that asserts a perspective

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6

commentary

discussion and analysis of evidence in relation to the claim which may identify patterns, describe trends, and /or explain relationships

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7

complex issue

issue involving many facets or perspectives that must be understood in order to address it

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8

concession

acknowledgement and acceptance of an opposing or different view

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9

conclusion

understanding resulting from analysis of evidence

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10

context

the intent, audience, purpose, bias, situatedness, and/or background (larger environment) of a source or reference

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11

conventions

the stylistic features of writing (e.g., grammar, usage, mechanics)

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12

counterargument

an opposing perspective, idea, or theory supported by evidence

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13

credibility

the degree to which a source is believable and trustworthy

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14

cross-curricular

goes beyond the traditional boundary of a single content area or discipline

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15

deductive

a type of reasoning that constructs general propositions that are supported with evidence or cases

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16

evidence

information (e.g., data, quotations, excerpts from texts) used as proof to support a claim or thesis

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17

fallacy

evidence or reasoning that is false or in error

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18

implication

a possible future effect or result

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19

inductive

a type of reasoning that presents cases or evidence that lead to a logical conclusion

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20

inquiry

a process for seeking truth, information, or knowledge through a study, research investigation, or artistic endeavor/work

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21

interdisciplinary

involving two or more areas of knowledge

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22

issue

important problem for debate or discussion

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23

lens

filter through which an issue or topic is considered or examined

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24

limitation

a boundary or point at which an argument or generalization is no longer valid

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25

line of reasoning

arrangement of claims and evidence that leads to a conclusion

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26

literature

the foundational and current texts of a field or discipline of study

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27

perspective

a point of view conveyed through an argument

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28

plagiarism

failure to acknowledge, attribute, and/or cite any ideas or evidence taken from another source

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29

point of view

a position or standpoint on a topic or issue

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30

primary source

an original source of information about a topic (e.g., study, artifact, data, set, interview, article)

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qualification

a condition or exception

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32

qualitative

having to do with text, narrative, or descriptions

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quantitative

having to do with numbers, amounts, or quantities

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34

rebuttal

contradicting an opposing perspective by providing alternate, more convincing evidence

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35

refutation

disproving an opposing perspective by providing counterclaims or conterevidence

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36

reliablity

the extent to which something can be trusted to be accurate

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37

resolution

the act of solving a problem or dispute

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38

secondary source

a commentary about one or more primary sources that provides additional insight, opinions, and/or interpretation about the primary source data, study, or artifacts

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solution

a means of answering a question or addressing a problem or issue

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40

text

something composed (e.g., articles; research studies; foundational literary, and philosophical texts; speeches, broadcasts, and personal accounts; artistic works and performance) that conveys a perspective and can be examined

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41

thesis

a claim or position on an issue or topic put forward and supported by evidence

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42

tone

the way in which an author expresses an attitude about his or her topic or subject through rhetorical choices

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43

validity

the extent to which an argument or claim is logical

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44

vocal variety

changing vocal characteristics (e.g., pitch, volume, speed) in order to emphasize ideas, convey emotion or opinion, or achieve other specific purposes

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45

CRAAP

currency, relevance, authority, accuracy, purpose

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46

Lenses (FEES & PEAS)

futuristic, environmental, economic, scientific, political, ethical, artistic, social

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OPTIC

overview, parts (pieces), title/text, interrelationship, conclusion

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48

PT1

performance task 1

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49

PT2

performance task 2

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50

SMART RQs

specific, measurable, arguable, researchable, timely research questions

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IRR

individual research report

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52

IWA

individual written argument

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53

QUEST

question and explore, understand and analyze, evaluate multiple perspectives, synthesize ideas, team/transform/transmit

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54

IMP

individual multimedia presentation

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55

TMP

team multimedia presentation

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56

IRR (definition)

Individually, students investigate their assigned approach, perspectvies, or lens on the issue or topic of the team research question

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IMP (definition)

Each student develops a 6-8 minute presentation to convey their perspective and present their conclusions from their individual written argument

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TMP (definiton)

Working collaboratively, the group considers all of the research and analyses from individual team members for the purpose of proposing one or more solutions or resolutions

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59

RAVEN (definition)

Componenets reviewed by the tool: What is the reputation of the author? Reputation of thhe publication? Does the author have specialized knowledge on the topic or event? Does the evidence come from a source that has experitise on the topic or event?

When you evaluate the credibility of a piece using the authors reputation, ability to observe, vested interest, experitse, nuetrality.

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60

OPTIC (definition)

simple method of rhetorical criticism designed to help with the process of analyzing visuals

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61

QUEST: E

From whos perspecitve is this information being presented and how does that affect my evaluation?

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62

QUEST: U

How do I determine if a source is trustworthy?

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63

QUEST: S

Comparing others ideas with ones own in order to form the foundation of a well reasoned argument

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64

Tier 1

peer reviewed academic journals, books

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65

Tier 2

Specialized publications, government sources

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66

Tier 3

Newspapers, reputable organizations

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67

Tier 4

popular magazines, popular media

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68

Tier 5

Wikipedia, social media, blogs, general sites

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69

IRR Rubric Row 1

Understand and Analyze Context

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70

IRR Rubric Row 2

Understand and Analyze Argument

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71

IRR Rubric Row 3

Evaluate Sources and Evidence

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72

IRR Rubric Row 4

Understand and Analyze Perspecitve

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73

IRR Rubric Row 5&6

Apply Conventions (5-Bibliography, 6-Writing)

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74

SMART

Specific, Measurable, Arguable, Researchable, Timely

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