Unit 1- Matter, Measurement, Mass, Volume, & Density

sublimation

solid to liquid w/o becoming liquid

Melting

solid to liquid

boiling/vaporization/evaporation

liquid to gas

freezing

liquid to solid

condensation

gas to liquid

deposition

gas to liquid w/o becoming liquid

formula for density

d = m/v

formula for mass

m =v(d)

formula for volume

v = m/d

Matter

must be made up of “stuff” so we should be able to weigh it and determine how much space it takes up

• should be a solid, liquid, or gas

Solid properties (movement, arrangement, forces, amount of space)

little movement, organized/ fixed positions, strong, fixed

Liquid properties (movement, arrangement, forces, amount of space)

more movement (slow & random), random & close together, between solid and gas, takes shape of container

Gas properties (movement, arrangement, forces, amount of space)

fast, random & far apart, weak, not fixed (fills the space of container

Qualitative (quality)

• based on characteristics or properties of the substance

• E.g. colour, texture, smell, taste, etc

Quantitative (quantity)

• amounts or numbers based on measured data

• E.g. height, length, age, temperature, etc

Inferences

• the assumptions we make by interpreting the observations

how do you find the change in mass

Δ mass = mass_after - mass_before

what will happen to mass in an open system

mass can leave/enter & measured mass can change

what will happen to mass in an closed system

mass cannot be added/removed & measure mass is constant

volume formula & unit (solid)

V = L x W x H

• unit = cm3

volume glassware & unit (liquid)

graduated cylinder

• unit = mL

how to find volume & unit (irregular solid)

water displacement

• unit = mL

• Ex) V_obj = V_f - V_i 

how is volume & mass for density

as volume increases, mass increases (direct proportional relationship)

• mass = constant