Soci Chapter 12 Social Stratification

social stratification

focuses on social inequalities and studies the basic question of who gets what and why

class consciousness

the organization of the working class around shared goals and recognition of a need for collective political action

false consciousness

a misperception of one’s actual position within society

anomie

a lack of widely accepted social norms and the breakdown of social bonds between an individual and society

strain theory

focuses on ohw anomic conditions can lead to deviance

social solidarity

sense of community and social cohesion

meritocracy

social structure in which intellectual talent and achievement are means for a person to advance up the social ladder

plutocracy

rule by the upper classes

world system theory

categorizes countries and emphasizes the inequalities of the division of labor at the global level

incidence

the number of new cases of an illness per population at risk in a given amount of time

prevalence

measure of the nbumber of cases of an illness overall, new or chronic, per population in a given amount of time

second sickness

exacerbation of health outcomes caused by social injustice