Thermochemistry
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16 Terms
System
What we’re looking at in a chemical equation (reactants & products)
Energy is potential, and stored in chemical bonds.
Surroundings
Everything outside the system.
Energy is kinetic, therefore is temperature.
What is the relationship between system and surroundings?
Energy flows between them.
If one loses energy, it is recieved by the other.
Energy
E, ability to do work
Enthalpy
𝝙H, in kJ measure of the total energy in a thermodynamic system, accounting for pressure and volume [needs expanding]
Kinetic energy
Ek, energy of motion. Found in surroundings in the form of temperature.
Potential energy
Ep. Found in chemical bonds int the system.
Temperature
Average kinetic energy of the particles
Themal energy
Total kinetic energy of the particles.
Heat
Transfer of thermal energy (hot→cold)
Breaking bonds _______ energy
requires
Forming bonds _______ energy
releases
Exothermic
Energy is a product.
More energy is released forming bonds than is required to break bonds.
𝝙H is negative because the system is losing energy.
Endothermic
Energy is a reactant.
More energy is required to break bonds than is released to form bonds.
𝝙H is positve because the system is gaining energy