Thermochemistry

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16 Terms

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System

What we’re looking at in a chemical equation (reactants & products)

Energy is potential, and stored in chemical bonds.

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Surroundings

Everything outside the system.

Energy is kinetic, therefore is temperature.

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What is the relationship between system and surroundings?

Energy flows between them.

If one loses energy, it is recieved by the other.

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Energy

E, ability to do work

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Enthalpy

𝝙H, in kJ measure of the total energy in a thermodynamic system, accounting for pressure and volume [needs expanding]

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Kinetic energy

Ek, energy of motion. Found in surroundings in the form of temperature.

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Potential energy

Ep. Found in chemical bonds int the system.

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Temperature

Average kinetic energy of the particles

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Themal energy

Total kinetic energy of the particles.

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Heat

Transfer of thermal energy (hot→cold)

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Breaking bonds _______ energy

requires

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Forming bonds _______ energy

releases

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Exothermic

Energy is a product.

More energy is released forming bonds than is required to break bonds.

𝝙H is negative because the system is losing energy.

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Endothermic

Energy is a reactant.

More energy is required to break bonds than is released to form bonds.

𝝙H is positve because the system is gaining energy

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