Infection & Infectious Disease

What is the ability to prevent or limit growth & development of pathogen?

Host Resistance

host resistance works thru

genetics, immune system response

What agent of infection are Prokaryotes

Contain RNA/DNA


Produce Biofilms


Cytoplasmic membrane & cell wall


Use hosts for food & shelter 


Live in colonies

bacteria

bacteria are Classified by genus & species
& described by:

morphological appearance, oxygen dependence, staining

What infectious agent has a Protein coat surrounding nucleic acid core


● Some have envelopes


● DNA/RNA

Virus

viruses cannot reproduce without a host, how are new viruses created?

host cell’s normal metabolic activity

what infectious agent is smaller than bacteria


● No defined cell walls, need a host

● RICKETTSIACEAE & CHLAMYDIACEAE


Mycoplasmas

what type of infectious agent has cell walls, but different from bacteria?

● Most require much cooler temp than ‘normal’ core body temp

○ Few are capable of causing disease


● Most infections are on body surfaces

fungi

what are the 2 categories of fungi?

yeast and mold

what infectious agent is categorized as protozoa, helminths, and arthropods?

parasites

what type of parasite is unicellular, complete cellular components & nucleus?

Protozoa

what type of parasite is worm like parasites, depend on and reproduce in host?

Helminths

what type of parasite include vectors of infectious disease (ticks, mosquitos, flies & ectoparasites, infects by direct contact or eggs on host (maggots, mites, lice, fleas)?

Arthropods

what mechanism of transmission involves Penetration, Direct Contact, Ingestion, Inhalation?

Portals of Entry

what mechanism of transmission involves Toxins, Adhesion Factors, Evasion/Invasion Factors?

Virulence Factors

What is a potentially serious infectious disease is World’s foremost cause of death from a single infectious agent?

Causes 26% of avoidable deaths in developing countries

Tuberculosis

What are changes in amino acids with influenza that cause changes year to year?

Antigenic Drift

What are changes in amino acids with influenza that cause different variations?

Antigenic Shift

Tuberculi bacteria:

○ Aerobic

○ Has protective waxy capsule – protects it from

destruction

○ Can stay alive in “suspended animation” for

years in caseous granuloma in lung

what is treatment of active TB?

6 months of 3-5 different medications

what is treatment of latent TB?

3-4 month course of antibiotics (up to 9 months)

what infectious agent is a Bacterial infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi?

lyme disease