exam 2

studied byStudied by 63 People
5.0(2)

trypsin

1/39

Studying Progress

New cards
39
Still learning
0
Almost Done
0
Mastered
0
39 Terms
New cards

trypsin

what enzyme cuts chains after arginine and lysine?

New cards
New cards

cyanogen bromide

what compound cuts peptide chains after met?

New cards
New cards

true

true or false: an amino acid sequence will fold the same way every time it is produced if the conditions remain the same

New cards
New cards

primary

the amino acid sequence is the __________ level of protein structure

New cards
New cards

secondary

the local folding (helix, sheet) of a peptide chain is the ___________ level of protein structure

New cards
New cards

tertiary

the overall folding of an amino acid is the ___________ level of protein structure

New cards
New cards

quaternary

the association of different subunits is the __________ level of protein structure

New cards
New cards

supersecondary structure

groupings of different secondary structures is referred to as the ________________

New cards
New cards

alpha helix

two negative angles of phi and psi on a Ramachandran diagram

New cards
New cards

beta sheet

positive and negative angles of phi and psi on a Ramachandran diagram

New cards
New cards

3.6

alpha helices have how many residues per turn?

New cards
New cards

true

true or false: max spacing of r groups and hydrogen bonds contribute to the energetically stable forms of both alpha helices and beta sheets

New cards
New cards

proline

beta hairpin turns have 2-4 amino acids with at least 2 of them being _________

New cards
New cards

pH, temperature, denaturing chemicals, ionic strength, redox

factors that affect protein stability

New cards
New cards

decrease

salting in causes a(n) _____________ in stability

New cards
New cards

increase

salting out causes a(n) ____________ in stability

New cards
New cards

true

true or false: some proteins require a chaperonin such as GroEl in order to fold correctly

New cards
New cards

beta sheet, alpha helix

PrP-Sc represents the misfolded form of PrP-c. the misfolded version has more _________ than ____________

New cards
New cards

adenylate cyclase

activated g protein moves along the membrane to reach an effector molecule, such as ___________

New cards
New cards

trimeric

g proteins usually have 3 subunits, making them _________ in nature

New cards
New cards

first messenger

g protein signaling mechanisms are usually initiated by a _______________

New cards
New cards

humoral immunity

immune response involving antigens binding directly to B cells, causing the production of antibodies

New cards
New cards

cell mediated immunity

immune response involving the destruction of infected cells by cytotoxic T cells, or the destruction of intracellular pathogens by macrophages

New cards
New cards

collagen

every third amino acid is gly

New cards
New cards

alpha keratin

every fourth residue is hydrophobic

New cards
New cards

fibroin

common sequence is gly-ala or gly-ser, which allows close packing

New cards
New cards

elastin

rich in glycine, alanine, and valine

New cards
New cards

ca, troponin

the binding of ____ to ______ results in the movement of tropomyosin and the exposure of the myosin binding site on the actin filament

New cards
New cards

directly

at low substrate concentration, the rate of reaction would be ___________ proportional to the substrate concentration

New cards
New cards

competitive inhibitors

affect the value of Km and not Vmax

New cards
New cards

Km

describes the affinity of an enzyme for a substrate

New cards
New cards

Km

substrate concentration required to reach 1/2 the max velocity

New cards
New cards

Km

describes the stability of the ES complex

New cards
New cards

Km

= (K1 + K2)/k1

New cards
New cards

lock and key enzyme

active site is specific to the substrate, thereby enhancing forward momentum in the reaction progress

New cards
New cards

stabilized

the transition state of an enzyme and substrate reaction is ___________ by the specificity of the active site for the substrate

New cards
New cards

covalent

serine at the active site of serine proteases provides _______ catalysis

New cards
New cards

acid base

histidine residue in a serine protease provides __________ catalysis

New cards
New cards

proximity effects

_____________ can be caused by site specificity, can be enhanced by substrate channeling, result in an increased effective concentration of substrate, and function to lower the energy of activation

New cards