globalH terms test

25 honors global

globalization

interchange of world views, products, ideas, other aspects of culture; interdependence of economic and cultural activities

ex: the internet

sovereignty

concept that a state has the full right and power to govern itself without any interference from outside sources or bodies

ex: US is independently run of other countries

genocide

deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group

ex: Holocaust

ethnocentrism

judging another culture solely by the values and standard’s of ones own culture

ex: antisemitism in Nazi Germany

secular

state of being separate from religion or not being exclusively allied with or against any particular religion

ex: schools in US (engel v Vitale)

sacred

worthy of religious worship; very holy

ex: Quran in Islam

fundamentalism

demand for a strict adherence to orthodox religious doctrines

ex: Taliban

blasphemy

insulting or showing contempt or lack of reverence for a god, to religious or holy persons or things, or toward something considered sacred or inviolable

ex: burning religious books

warlord

military commander exercising civil power in a region; locally powerful militants who rule by force in the absence of a strong central government

ex: Bull Horace in Liberia (raped women)

human trafficking

modern-day slavery; involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act

ex: using illegal immigrants to do intensive labor and paying them for cheap

state

organized political community, living under a government; must have territory, population, sovereignty, and government

ex: Nigeria

nationalism

strong identification with one’s ethnic, cultural, or religious background

ex: Nazis

nationalize

transfer of a major branch of industry or commerce from private to state ownership or control

ex: Chavez publicized the oil business

sectarian

subdivisions within a group, such as between different denominations of a religion, or factions of a political movement

ex: Orthodox, Protestant, Roman Catholicism

cult of personality

political leader uses mass media, propaganda, other methods to create an idealized, heroic and at times, worshipful image, often through unquestioning flattery and praise

ex: Stalin made himself look taller and a friendly figure

coup d’état

sudden and illegal seizure of a government usually through military force

ex: 2004 in Haiti (Aristide was removed from office)

refugee

person being forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, natural disaster

ex: Ukrainians fleeing bc it isn’t safe with the Russia war

passive colonization

establishment and rule of a colony without relying solely on force

ex: Columbus was not one because he killed most of the Taino population

diaspora

scattered population in a smaller geographic area

ex: slave trade and the spread of Africans

imperialism

policy of extending a country’s power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means

ex: European control in Africa

mandate

an official order or commission to do something

ex: masks during covid

hegemony

leadership of dominance, especially by one country or social group over others

ex: abundance of Judaism in Israel

sanctions

actions taken by countries against others for political reasons, either unilaterally or multilaterally, to force their compliance

ex: UN implementing economic sanctions on Russia oil

theocracy

form of government in which a deity is officially recognized as the civil ruler and is governed by officials regarded as divinely guided, or is pursuant to the doctrine of a particular religion or religious group

ex: Vatican City, Pope Francis?

totalitarianism

government where the state holds total authority over the society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life

ex: North Korea limit personal rights and speech