NU551 Advanced Pathophysiology - Hematologic System

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Composition of Blood

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Composed of 91% water and 9% solutes, including plasma and cellular components.

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Plasma

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Liquid portion of blood, containing organic and inorganic elements; consists of plasma proteins like albumin and globulins.

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These flashcards cover key terminology and concepts from the lecture on hematology.

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16 Terms

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Composition of Blood

Composed of 91% water and 9% solutes, including plasma and cellular components.

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Plasma

Liquid portion of blood, containing organic and inorganic elements; consists of plasma proteins like albumin and globulins.

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Erythrocytes

Red blood cells responsible for tissue oxygenation, typically have a 100 to 120-day life cycle.

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Leukocytes

White blood cells that defend against infection and remove debris; classified into granulocytes and agranulocytes.

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Granulocytes

A type of leukocyte with membrane-bound granules; includes neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.

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Agranulocytes

A type of leukocyte that includes monocytes and lymphocytes.

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Hemostasis

The process of arresting bleeding through the formation of blood clots.

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Erythropoiesis

The process of red blood cell development, regulated by erythropoietin in response to tissue hypoxia.

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Thrombopoiesis

The development of platelets from megakaryocytes, regulated by thrombopoietin.

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Anemia

A reduction in the total number of erythrocytes or hemoglobin in blood; can result from impaired production, blood loss, or increased destruction.

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Microcytic-Hypochromic Anemias

Anemias characterized by small red blood cells with reduced hemoglobin content, often due to iron deficiency.

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Pernicious anemia

A type of macrocytic anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor necessary for vitamin B12 absorption.

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Folate deficiency anemia

Anemia resulting from inadequate dietary intake or absorption of folate, often without neurological symptoms.

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Anemia of Chronic Disease

Also known as anemia of inflammation, it results from decreased erythropoiesis and impaired iron utilization in chronic disease.

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Aplastic anemia

A condition characterized by reduced production of mature blood cells due to bone marrow failure.

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Hemolytic anemia

A type of anemia caused by the premature destruction of erythrocytes.