Scientific Variables and Experimental Design

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers the fundamental concepts of independent, dependent, and controlled variables based on scientific experimental procedures and Activity 1.1.

Independent variable

The variable that is manipulated or changed by a researcher in a particular amount to observe its effect; it is considered the causative factor in an experiment.

Dependent variable

The variable whose value depends upon the value of another variable and cannot be predicted or determined directly by the experimenter; it represents the effect.

Causative factor

The change made by the experimenter or researcher in the independent variable that leads to a subsequent change in another variable.

Effect

The subsequent change observed in the dependent variable as a result of the manipulation of the independent variable.

Controlled variable

Variables that influence the results of an experiment and must be managed so the researcher can determine which variable is responsible for changes in findings.

Extension of the rubber band

The independent variable in Activity 1.1, which the researcher is free to decide the degree of.

Distance travelled by the paper

The dependent variable in Activity 1.1, as it depends on the amount of stretching of the rubber band.

Plant Growth Variables

In observing plant development, the amount of sunlight is the independent variable, while the height or growth of the plant is the dependent variable.