apes vocab 5

the process of growing at least two crops at the same time in the same field.

intercropping

an agricultural method that utilizes large plantings of a single species or variety.

monocropping

 removing shallow pieces of dirt and rock to expose valuable ores.

strip mining

the species of creatures that were not purposely caught and are usually thrown overboard either dead.

bycatch

chemical that kills either plants or animals.

pesticide

burning areas of forest under carefully controlled conditions to improve the health and safety of forests.

perscribed burn

a period of technological innovation (1950-1970) which has allowed for increased crop yields.

Green Revolution

the saturation of soil with water, prevents oxygenation of plant roots.

Waterlogging

maximum harvest of a renewable resource that will be replaced by population growth; usually occurs at about one-half the carrying capacity of a population.

MSY

animals are reared in a small space where the food is brought to them rather than allowing them to graze.

CAFO

the earthen materials left over after the process of digging up ore.

Tailings

a national policy which will encourage efforts to prevent or eliminate damage to the environment, requires EIS.

NEPA

 growing a different crop year after year in a field to reduce the demands of one particular nutrient in the soil.

Crop Rotation

when urban growth spreads to rural areas and seems to have no limits in the urban areas.

Urban Sprawl

uses levels of pest control methods that minimize environmental impacts, pesticides always last.

IPM

a method of growing crops without digging or plowing the soil.

No-till Agriculture

required by federal law from all agencies for any project using federal funds to assess the potential effect of the new construction or development on the environment.

EIS

cattle are confined by portable fencing to one area for a short time and then moved to a new location.

Rotational Grazing

an irrigation method that saves water by allowing water to slowly target the roots of plants, either onto the soil surface or directly onto the root zone, through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters.

Drip Irrigation

using trees placed around the crops to prevent winds from eroding the soil.

Windbreaks

artificial structures—such as pavements (roads, sidewalks, driveways, and parking lots) that are covered by impenetrable materials such as asphalt, concrete, brick, stone—and rooftops.

Impervious Surfaces

 an agricultural method in which land is cleared and used for a few years until the soil is depleted of nutrients.

Shifting Agriculture

type of surface irrigation that uses trenches that are dug underground between rows of crops.

Furrow Irrigation

a soil amendment which naturally contains calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate used to neutralize acid.

Limestone