Abraham Maslow

Theory of Abraham Maslow

Hierarchy of Needs

Hierarchy of Needs

1. Physiological Needs

2. Safety Needs

3. Love and Belongingness Needs

4. Esteem Needs

5. Self-actualization Needs

Are biological requirements for human survival, such as air, food, drink, shelter, clothing, warmth, sex, and sleep

Physiological Needs

Our most basic need; is the first thing that motivates our behavior

Physical Survival

Most important need

Physiological Needs

People want to experience order, predictability, and control in their lives.

These can be fulfilled by the family and society (e.g., police, schools. business, and medical care).

According to Maslow, when our need for thus is threatened. emotional disturbance usually follows.

Safety Needs

Refers to a human emotional need for interpersonal relationships, affiliating. connectedness, and being part of a group.

Examples of these needs include friendship, intimacy, trust. acceptance, receiving and giving affection, and love.

Love and Belongingness Needs

Include self-worth. accomplishment, and respect.

Low self-esteem or an inferiority complex may result from imbalances during this level in the hierarchy.

Esteem Needs

It is the typical human desire to be accepted and valued by others.

Esteem

2 Categories of Self Esteem Needs

1. Higher Esteem Needs

2. Lower Esteem Needs

Esteem for oneself

Higher esteem needs

The desire for reputation or respect from others

Lower esteem needs

The highest level in Maslow's hierarchy, and refers to the realization of a person's potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth, and peak experiences

Self-actualization Needs

Maslow describes this level as the desire to accomplish everything that one can, and "to become everything one is capable of becoming".

Self-actualization needs

Although Maslow did not believe that many of us could achieve true self- actualization, he did believe that all of us experience transitory moments (known as '__________________') of self-actualization.

peak experiences

The Expanded Hierarchy of Needs

1. Physiological Needs

2. Safety Needs

3. Love and Belongingness Needs

4. Esteem Needs

5. Cognitive Needs

6. Aesthetic Needs

7. Self-Actualization Needs

8. Transcendence Needs

Knowledge and understanding, curiosity, exploration, need for meaning and predictability.

Drive our pursuit of knowledge and understanding.

Meeting these needs facilitates personal growth, comprehension, and a deeper understanding of life and its complexities.

Cognitive Needs

Appreciation and search for beauty, balance, form, etc.

Fulfilling these needs isn't just about physical beauty but also the emotional and psychological satisfaction derived from experiencing order and elegance.

Aesthetic Needs

A person is motivated by values that transcend beyond the personal self. Beyond self-actualization, they represent the human desire to connect with a higher reality, purpose, or the universe.

Transcendence Needs

Deficiency Needs (D-needs)

1. Physiological Needs

2. Safety Needs

3. Love and Belongingness Needs

4. Esteem Needs

Growth or Being Needs (B-Needs)

1. Cognitive Needs

2. Aesthetic Needs

3. Self Actualization Needs

4. Trancendence Needs

Concern basic survival and include physiological needs and safety needs.

Arise due to deprivation and are said to motivate people when they are unmet. Also, the motivation to fulfill such needs will become stronger the longer they are denied.

Deficiency Needs

Are more psychological and are associated with realizing an individual's full potential and needing to 'self-actualize'. These needs are achieved more through intellectual and creative behaviors.

Do not stem from a lack of something but rather from a desire to grow. as a person

Growth / Being Needs