Neurology (Ch. 3) - SPPA 2130

neurons

cells of the nervous system

cell body

center of the neuron containing nucleus

axon

carries impulse away from cell body and distribute it to terminal branches

dendrites

bring impulses from a neuron into the cell body of another

nervous tissue

tissue formed by the linkages of neurons

gray matter

where information is generated and processed, consisting of cell bodies and dendrites

white matter

carries information among gray matter tissues, consisting of myelinated axons

bone, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid

3 layers of protective shielding around central nervous system

dura, arachnoid, pia mater

3 meninges - membranes enclosing the brain and spinal cord

frontal lobes

activates and controls fine and complex motor activates (producing speech)

controls higher order cognitive functions

primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, Broca’s area

areas of the frontal lobe

occipital lobes

visual reception and processing

parietal lobes

perceive and integrate perceptual/sensory information

comprehending oral and written language

critical to working memory

temporal lobes

control auditory processing and language comprehension

Heschel's gyrus and Wernicke’s area

areas of the temporal lobe

brainstem

conduit between brain and spinal cord

transmits sensory information to the brain and motor information away from the brain

cardiac, vasomotor, respiratory

reflex centers of the brainstem

cerebellum

coordinates motor and muscular activity