Ap European History WW1

Reasons for America to stay out of the war:

• High casualties, bad war

• Americas tradition of neutrality

• they thought why send the poor to die for the rich

• very expensive

• War is evil

• Which side? America had germans in their country too

• the public wanted to stay out of war

Reasons to join the war:

• Cultural history between us and england

• reported atrocities

• unrestricted sumbarine warfare which led to the sinking of the Lusitania, threatening our neutrality

• American businessmen loaned billions to England, wanted to protect investment

• To be part of the peace- you have to be part of the war

• President Wilson had high hopes of preventing future conflict

• Zimmerman Telegram: Germany tried to get Mexico to attack us

The immediate cause of WW1

The assasination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

What was the acronym for the underlying causes of WW1?

MANIA

What were the underlying causes of WW1 in MANIA?

What did the M in MANIA stand for?

Militarism- The glorification of War and Force and the stockpiling of weapons

What did the A in MANIA stand for?

Alliances, the triple entente was britain france and russia and the central powers were italy germany Ottoman Empire and austria

What did the N in MANIA stand for?:

Nationalism, pride or devotion to ones country/self determination based on ethnicity

What does the I in MANIA stand for?:

Imperialism, when one country takes over another country

What does the second A in MANIA stand for?

Assassination, the assassination of the archduke Ferdinand

Schlieffan Plan

Plan to quickly defeat France and avoid a prolonged two front war, did not happen!

The industrial changes that led to wwi being awful:

Machine guns, chemical weapons like poison gas, military aircraft

The terms of the treaty of Versailles

• Germany had to take the blame for starting ww1

• lost all colonies and national territory

• Germanys military reduced, couldn’t have modern technology

• Rhineland to be de militarized

• Reparations: had to pay a massive fine war

• no union with austria

What were the mistakes made in the treaty?:

It made germany angry bc they had to take the blame for starting it and it was too harsh and it failed to establish long lasting peace

Causes of the russian revolution:

• extremely poor peasantry, food was scarce and conditions getting worse and Nicholas took more control

• Weak leadership- Nicholas II

• Loss to japan in 1904

• The 1905 revolution that had people peacefully marching to the Czar but he got his guards to kill hundreds of them

When the Czar went to war left his wife alexandria in charge who did she get advice from?:

Grigory Rasputin

Temporary goverment

• the duma (russian legislation) established temporary goverment with Aleksandr Kerensky as the leader

Who were the Bolesheviks:

• A small Marxist group that wanted to make Russia communist and overthrow the Czar

Who was the leader of the Bolesheviks

Vladimir Lenin

Boleshevik Revolution:

• they said workers could govern russia if czar was overthrown

• Lenin established a radical communist program

• private ownership= illegal

• land redistribution to peasents

• Russian army weak and collapsed

After revolution

Lenin wanted to end involement in war so treaty of brest litovsk pulled russia out of WW1

• Russia lost lots of land to central powers because weak military

Who were the opponents of the Belshoviks?

The white army

Russian Civil war

• some russians disliked the negotiations

• famine killed millions of russians

• all production went to support the army

Civil war ends:

•red army vs white army

•, fighting and famine cost millions of lives,

•belshoviks win

•New economic policy: permits some capitalist activity

The Soviet Union

•economy began to improve

•russia reunited with neighboring lands that belonged to russia

•became USSR