Unit 4+5

elicit

(v.) to draw forth/bring out; to evoke or draw out (a response, answer, or fact) from someone in reaction to one's own actions or questions.

Have you managed to _ a response from them yet?

→ gợi ra, khơi ra, moi ra

abolish

(v.) cancel; put an end to a system or practice by law

• The government ought to _ the tax altogether.

• The government is planning to _ subsidies to farmers.

repeal

(v.) to cancel an act or law

Legislators _ the sales tax.

annul

(v.) to declare legally that sth is invalid or no longer exists

Eg: The contract has been -ed

revoke

(v.) take back sth granted so that is no longer legal or official

Eg: Her driving license was -ed.

recall

(v.) send sb back or order sb to return especially if they have been working aborad

Eg: The Greek Ambassador to Vietnam was -ed some time ago.

eradicate

(v.) to root out, get rid of, destroy sth completely

exterminate

(v.) destroy sb or sth completely (races of ppl, animals or insects), as if down to the roots, by killing them

(syn.) eradicate, extirpate, rout out, uproot

Once cockroaches get into a building, it's very difficult to _ them.

annihilate

(v.) destroy a place or a group of ppl by using weapons, bombs, etc.

The approaching tornado was _ everything in its path.

decimate

(v.) to kill or destroy a large part of a whole

Populations of endangered animals have been _.

abound

(v.) to be plentiful, be filled

Synonyms: burst with, overflow with, teem with

Antonyms: lack, want

Eg: Rumors of a further scandal _.

This land _ with wildlife.

beseech

(v.) to beg, ask for or request earnestly

Stay a little longer, I _ you!

solicit

(v.) to ask someone for money, information, or help:

• to _ donations for a charity

• It is illegal for public officials to _ gifts or money in exchange for favours.

→ tìm ai đó để có tiền, thông tin, và sự giúp đỡ

derogatory

(v.) having a low opinion of sth; showing a critical or disrespectful attitude.

Eg: She tells me I'm fat and is always making _ remarks.

nullify

(v) to make a legal agreement or decision have no legal force:

The state death penalty law was _ in 1977.

→ bị vô hiệu hóa

cripple

(v.) to cause serious damage to someone or something, making him, her, or it weak and not effective

Eg: A global nursing shortage threatens to _ health care systems

banish

to send someone away, especially from their country, and not allow them to come back:

• He was _ to an uninhabited island for a year.

• They were _ (= sent out) from the library for making a noise.

→ trục xuất khỏi đất nước

grim

(adj.) (C2) extremely bad, worrying, or without hope:

• The future looks _.

• The _ reality is that there is no easy solution to this problem.

→ u tối, không có hi vọng

congenital

(adj.) (of a disease) existing at birth

a _ abnormality/disease

→ từ lúc đẻ ra, bẩm sinh

acute

(adj.)

If a bad situation is _, it causes severe problems or damage:

• She felt _ embarrassment/anxiety/concern at his behaviour.

• The problem of poverty is particularly _ in rural areas.

→ gay gắt, nghiêm trọng

penetrate

(v.) to pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance

• Amazingly, the bullet did not _ his brain.

• In a normal winter, the frost _ deeply enough to kill off insect eggs in the soil.

→ thâm nhập

snug

(adj.) cozy, warm and comfortable

Eg: The elderly couple lived in a small, _ cottage outside the village

obscene

(adj.) offensive, rude, or shocking, usually because of being too obviously related to sex or showing sex; morally wrong, often describing something that is wrong because it is too large

Eg: In the raid, police found several boxes of obscene DVDs.

The salaries some bankers earn are obscene.

obscure

(adj.) difficult to understand; partially hidden

Eg: The museum houses works by - artists

pastoral

(adj.) having to do with the country; rural

Eg: The Navajo are a peaceful and - ppl.

well-waterd

(adj.) having water supply

Eg: live in a - valley

renown

(n.) fame; honor

(adj.) famous

execution

(n.) the act of doing or performing something, especially in a planned way:

• Sometimes in the _ of their duty the police have to use firearms.

• Although the original idea was good, its _ has been disappointing.

→ thi hành án

wristlet

(n.) a band or bracelet worn on the wrist, typically as an ornament

reticent

(adj.) silent; reserved

Eg: - disposition

→ (of personality) kín đáo, nghiêm nghị

ill-defined

(adj.) not clearly explained, described, or shown

Eg: When your project's goals are -, it can be impossible to plan the necessary steps to achieve those goals.

pronounced

(adj) easily noticeable; obvious

Eg: I'm told I have a very - English accent when I speak French.

The need for strong leadership is more - (= clearer) during wartime.

prevailing

(adj.) most frequent or common

polygamy

(n.) the fact or custom of being married to more than one person at the same time

pagan

(adj.) belonging or relating to a religion that worships many gods, especially one that existed before the main world religions

Eg: - worship, - religion

→ ngoại đạo

anthropomorphous

(adj.) having or resembling human form.

→ giống người, có hình dáng con người

deity

(n.) a god/goddess; a divine being

→ vị thần

occult

(adj.) mysterious, magical, supernatural; secret, hidden from view; not detectable by ordinary means;

(v.) to hide, conceal; eclipse;

(n.) matters involving the supernatural

Eg: She claims to have - powers, given to her by some mysterious spirit.

conspicuous

(adj.) very noticeable or attracting attention, often in a way that is not wanted

Eg: In China, her blonde hair was conspicuous.

He tried not to look conspicuous and moved slowly along the back of the room.

flimsy

(adj.) very thin, or easily broken or destroyed

Eg: You won't be warm enough in that - dress.

We spent the night in a - wooden hut.

a - cardboard box

A - argument, excuse, etc. is weak and difficult to believe

Eg: When I asked him why he was late, he gave me some - excuse about having car trouble.

deter

(v.) to discourage or prevent from taking action

repulse

(v.) to push away or refuse something or someone unwanted, especially to successfully stop a physical attack against you

Eg: The enemy attack was quickly -ed.

impell

(v.) to make someone feel that they must do something:

[ + to infinitive ] She was in such a mess I felt -ed to (= felt I had to) offer your services.

I wonder what it is that -s him to exercise all the time.

prerogative

(n.) something that certain people are able or allowed to do or have, but is not possible or allowed for everyone:

Alex makes all the big decisions - that's his prerogative as company director.

abdication

(n.) the fact of no longer controlling or managing something that you are in charge of

Eg: The council denied that their decision represented any - of responsibility.

an occasion when a king or queen makes a formal statement that he or she no longer wants to be king or queen

Eg: The romance between King Edward VIII and Wallis Simpson resulted in Edward's - from the throne.