cardiovascular development

mesoderm

germ layer where heart develops

paraxial mesoderm

forms somites

(structure g)

splanchnic mesoderm

mesoderm that forms the heart, blood vessels, and most connective tissues of the body

Mesenchyme

embryonic connective tissue

angioblasts

mesenchymal cells differentiate into ____

mesoderm/mesenchyme

endoderm induces the ____ to differentiate

blood islands

one of the first signs of cardio development is the formation of ____ by the mesenchyme and mesoderm

angioblast cords

the heart tube is derived from the ____

left and right endocardial heart tubes

the fusion of the _____ marks the beginning of the formation of the heart tube

Truncus arteriosus

structure of the heart tube that makes up the arterial part of the tube and gives rise to the aortic arches

head/neck

aortic arches are part of the development of the ____ area

bulbus cordis

structure of the heart tube the becomes the arteriosus(lv) and aortic vestibule (RV)

primordial ventricle

left and right ventricles

primordial atrium

Left and right atrial appendages, and pectinate muscles

sinus venosus

venous part of the heart tube, gives rise to various structures

anterior and to the left

during rotation of the heart tube, ventricular parts of the heart shift ....

posterior and to the right

atrial parts of the heart rotate...

sinus arteriosus

blood enters the heart tube through the ___

portal vein system

yolk sac

vitelline veins give rise to the ____ and drain the ____

superior/inferior vena cava

cardinal veins give rise to the ___

placenta

umbilical veins connect to the ___ to give oxygen to the fetus

ligamentous after birth

the umbilical veins drain blood from placenta and becomes _____

symetrical

initially the sinus venosus are _____ but change as the tube rotates

right

veins on the ____ side persist into adult structures

superior vena cava

the right anterior cardinal vein becomes the ____

inferior vena cava

right posterior cardinal vein and right vitalline vein become the ____

sinus venarum of the right atrium

the right horn of the sinus venosus becomes the ___

left horn of the sinus venosus

the coronary sinus is a remnant of the ___

dries up and obliterates

the left side of the venous fetal heart tube ____

neural crest migration and endocardial cushion development

separating common atria and common ventricle is dependent on...

endocardial cushions

-interatrial and interventricular septums fuse

-great vessels separate

____ are the focal point in the developing heart because...

neural crest

___ cells migrate into the area of the endocardial cushions

septum primum

fused endocarial cushions

___ is known as the first septum in the atria; grows from the superior part of the primative atria towards the _____

anterior inferior

the _____ part of the septum primum begins to fuse with the endocardial cushions

posterior superior part

perforations in the septum primum develop in the ______

foramen primum

Original opening between atria

foramen secundum

____ is known as the second hole of the heart, bloods flows from the vena cava and hits this structure

Septum Sucundum

covers the foramen sucundum

foramen ovale

intrapulmonary shunt that shunts blood from the right atrium to the left atrium

well

the presence of umbilical veins

blood coming from the inferior vena cava in the fetus is ____ oxygenated because.....

to bypass the pulmonary system to avoid deoxygenation of blood

why do you need the intrapulmonary shunt in fetal formations

valve of the foramen ovale

septum primum becomes the ____

part of the opening of the foramen ovale

foramen secundum becomes ___

septum secundum

____ is the bulk of the interatrial septum

part of the foramen ovale

the unfused posterior inferior portion of the septum secundum forms...

too much blood to flow into the lungs, often seen in children with downs syndrome.

an atrial septal defect like a hole in the septum that the separates the atria may allow...

right horn of the sinus venosus

primordial atria

right atrium is formed from the...

pulmonary veins

primordial atria

left atrium forms from the...

ventricular septum

___ grows towards the endocardial cushions

muscular septum derived from cardiac jelly

membranous septum derived from the neural crest cells

interventricular septum is composed of...

hole in the septum separating the ventricles means that blood from the left ventricle pumps into the right. too much blood is pumped at high pressure into the lungs.

common ventricular septal defect is a ...

endocardial cushions

bulbar ridges grow towards the ____ during the partitioning of the outflow tracts

membranous part of the interventricular septum

most ventricular septal defect occur in the ___

membranous portion of the ventricular septum

the fusion of the bulbar ridges and outflow tracks create the ___

blood islands

the mesoderm/mesenchyme differentiates the ____

angioblasts

the blood islands differentiate the ____

endothelium and angioblast cords

the angioblasts differentiate the ____

vessels

the endothelium differentiates the ____

endocardial heart tubes

the angioblastic cords differentiate the ____

tubular heart

the endocardial heart tubes differentiate the ____