From Baroque to Classical

Austro hungarian empire

________ saw the emergence of its capital, vienna, as the leading musical city in europe.

History paintings

________ featured morally uplifting themes from antiquity.

Kant

________ aimed to unite reason with experience rather than relying on reason on its own.

Genre

________ painting- concentrated on themes of ordinary family life, equivalent to empfindsam composers and jane austen.

Rousseau

________ made the first encyclopedia- politically inflammatory.

Rationalism

________ was tempered by sensibility in literature and the arts.

caribbean islands

England had the most powerful navy and took india, canada, and ________ from france during the seven years war.

Naturalness

________ was preferred to formality and artificial conventions.

18th century

Empfindsam- quality associated with intimate, sensitive, subjective tendencies of some ________ literature and art.

Noble simplicity

________, balance, perfection of form, diversity within unity, seriousness of purpose, restrained use of ornamentation.

Freemasonry

________- fraternal order of masons, whose tenets were based on humanitarianism and universal brotherhood.

Symphony

________ was an expression of communal sentiment and new democratic ideals.

Aim of classicism

________ was to construct an ideal vision of life and nature in tune with enlightenment goals of realism, restraint, harmony, order.

rationalism

Embraced ________- reason combined with experience and knowledge could solve problems, including scientific ones.

older 18th century

late baroque styles of bach, handel, etc

newer 18th century

age of reason/enlightenment, classic era

classical

later 18th century composers such as haydn, mozart, and beethoven

classic era

1730-1815

galant

elegant and courtly 18th century literature as well as flirtatious paintings; everything modern, smart, chic, smooth, easy, sophisticated; freer, more chordal, more natural musical style

empfindsam

quality associated with intimate, sensitive, subjective tendencies of some 18th-century literature and art

daily newspapers, books, public coffeehouses

coffeehouses were important

embraced rationalism

reason combined with experience and knowledge could solve problems, including scientific ones

philosophes

french leaders of the enlightenment

rousseau made the first encyclopedia

politically inflammatory

freemasonry

fraternal order of masons, whose tenets were based on humanitarianism and universal brotherhood

novels emerged

celebrated the lives of ordinary people

bach is the father, we are the kids

mozart said this about js bachs son, "old sebastian" was kind of this stuffy old guy

first phase

reformist, uprising forced the king to accept a new constitution and set up elected local governments

second phase

radical, france declared republic, king and queen executed, government maintained control by executing political opponents (reign of terror)

third phase

government became more moderate and sought to restore order

renewed study of classical past

perceived as a worthy and achievable goal, directed at the moral improvement of the viewer to give art a socially beneficial role

major archaeological excavations started happening

pompeii was being discovered for the first time

genre painting

concentrated on themes of ordinary family life, equivalent to empfindsam composers and jane austen

encouraged connoisseurs

informed listeners who cultivated a taste for the best in music