Phonogram Practice List (Levels 1-4)

A complete set of vocabulary flashcards for the English phonograms (1-75) taught through Level 4, including their recognized sounds, usage rules, and example words.

m

Sound: /m/ (moon)

s

Sounds: /s/–/z/ (sun, has)

p

Sound: /p/ (pig)

a

Sounds: /a˘ /–/ā/–/ah/ (apple, acorn, father)

n

Sound: /n/ (nest)

t

Sound: /t/ (tent)

b

Sound: /b/ (bat)

Jj

Sound: /J/ (Jam)

g

Sounds: /g/–/j/ (goose, gem)

d

Sound: /d/ (deer)

c

Sounds: /k/–/s/ (cow, city)

y

Sounds: /y/–/i ˘ /–/ ī/–/ē/ (yarn, gym, my, happy)

h

Sound: /h/ (hat)

k

Sound: /k/ (kite)

r

Sound: /r/ (rake)

i

Sounds: /i˘ /–/ ī/–/ē/ (itchy, ivy, radio)

v

Sound: /v/ (vase)

f

Sound: /f/ (fish)

z

Sound: /z/ (zipper)

o

Sounds: /o˘ /–/ō/–/oo/–/u˘/ (otter, open, to, oven)

l

Sound: /l/ (leaf)

w

Sound: /w/ (wave)

u

Sounds: /u˘/–/ū/–/o˘o/ (udder, unit, put)

e

Sounds: /e˘/–/ē/ (echo, even)

qu

Sound: /kw/ (queen)

x

Sound: /ks/ (ax)

th

Sounds: /th/–/th/ (three, then)

sh

Sound: /sh/ (ship)

ch

Sounds: /ch/–/k/–/sh/ (child, school, chef)

ck

Sound: /k/, two-letter /k/ (duck)

ng

Sound: /ng/ (king)

nk

Sound: /ngk/ (thank)

wh

Sound: /hw/ (while)

ee

Sound: /ē/, double e (feed)

er

Sound: /er/ as in her (her)

ar

Sound: /ar/ (car)

or

Sounds: /or/–/er/ as in work (corn, work)

ed

Sounds: /ĕd/–/d/–/t/ (wanted, snowed, dropped)

oy

Sound: /oy/ that we may use at the end of English words (toy)

oi

Sound: /oy/ that we may not use at the end of English words (oil)

aw

Sound: /aw/ that we may use at the end of English words (saw)

au

Sound: /aw/ that we may not use at the end of English words (haul)

ow

Sounds: /ow/–/ō/ (cow, low)

ou

Sounds: /ow/–/ō/–/oo/–/u˘/ (mouse, soul, soup, touch)

ai

Sound: /ā/, two-letter /ā/ that we may not use at the end of English words (rain)

ay

Sound: /ā/, two-letter /ā/ that we may use at the end of English words (day)

oa

Sound: /ō/, two-letter /ō/ that we may not use at the end of English words (boat)

ir

Sound: /er/ as in first (first)

ur

Sound: /er/ as in nurse (nurse)

oo

Sounds: /oo/–/o˘o/–/ō/ (food, book, floor)

ea

Sounds: /ē/–/e˘/–/ā/ (leaf, bread, great)

igh

Sound: / ī/, three-letter / ī/ (light)

tch

Sound: /ch/, three-letter /ch/ (watch)

dge

Sound: /j/, three-letter /j/ (badge)

ew

Sounds: /oo/–/ū/ (grew, few)

wr

Sound: /r/, two-letter /r/ used only at the beginning of a word (write)

kn

Sound: /n/, two-letter /n/ used only at the beginning of a word (know)

eigh

Sound: /ā/, four-letter /ā/ (eight)

oe

Sound: /ō/, two-letter /ō/ that we may use at the end of English words (toe)

ti

Sound: /sh/, tall-letter /sh/ (nation)

ey

Sounds: /ē/–/ā/ (key, they)

ear

Sound: /er/ as in early (early)

ui

Sound: /o - o / (fruit)

ie

Sounds: /ē/–/ ī/ (field, pie)

ph

Sound: /f/, two-letter /f/ (phone)

gu

Sound: /g/, two-letter /g/ (guide)

gn

Sound: /n/, two-letter /n/ used at the beginning or end of a word (gnat)

augh

Sound: /aw/, four-letter /aw/ (daughter)

ei

Sounds: /ā/–/ē/ (vein, ceiling)

ough

Sounds: /ō/–/o - o /–/u˘ff/– /o˘ff/–/aw/–/ow/ (though, through, rough, cough, thought, bough)

si

Sounds: /sh/–/zh/ (mission, vision)

mb

Sound: /m/, two-letter /m/ (lamb)

our

Sound: /er/ as in journey (journey)

ci

Sound: /sh/, short-letter /sh/ (special)

rh

Sound: /r/, two-letter /r/ used in Greek words (rhyme)