Ivan Pavlov and Conditioning

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts of classical and operant conditioning from the lecture transcript.

Learning

The process of acquiring through experience new and relatively enduring information or behaviors.

Associative Learning

A form of learning where a subject links certain events, behaviors, or stimuli together in the process of conditioning.

Acquisition

The stage in conditioning during which an unconditioned stimulus is repeatedly paired with a neutral stimulus until an association between them is established.

Classical Conditioning

An adaptive form of associative learning in which a subject forms associations between stimuli, allowing a neutral stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.

Operant Conditioning

A type of associative learning involving the association of one's own behaviors with consequences, where behavior increases when followed by reinforcement and decreases when followed by punishment.

Shaping

An operant conditioning procedure in which rewards are given for a series of successive approximations toward a desired target behavior.

Negative Reinforcement

A method of strengthening and increasing a behavior by taking away or removing an aversive or upsetting stimulus.

Extinction

The process in conditioning where an established connection dwindles and a learned behavior stops when reinforcement is discontinued.