Group and Team Dynamics

What is the definition of a group?

A collection of individuals who are working together to achieve the same thing

What are the four stages of team sports?

Forming, storming, norming and performing

What happens in the forming stage?

Members meet eachother and begin to form relationships

Don’t have team groups

Everyone relies on team leader

What happens in the storming stage?

Things become difficult

People struggle to determine their place in team

Friendships form and divide the team

Personal issues can develop

Hardest stage

What happens in the norming stage?

Work together to develop group standards

Cooperative problem solving occurs

Everyone has defines role and leader is listened too

Everyone working together towards common goal

What happens in the performing stage?

Performance is high standard

Disputes are settled and role of leader is diminished as each member of team takes on more responsibility

What is Steiner model for group effectiveness?

Outlines relationship between each team members contribution to the team and how well they interact together

Actual productivity= best potential productivity - losses due to faulty process

Degree of success= full capabilities of groups- the factors that can go wrong

What is the ringlemann effect and what are the causes?

Fault processes due to a breakdown in teamwork when the effectiveness of the team cannot be sustained

Large groups numbers

Lack of timing

Lack of understanding tactics

What are strategies of deal with the ringlemann effect?

Allocate clear roles within team

Practise of set players in training

Prioritise effective communication of tactics to team members

What is social loafing and what are some causes?

Withdrawal of effort caused by reduced motivation, leading an individual to coast for a period of play or whole game

Lack of accountability, lack of self confidence, perception that others aren’t trying and individual efforts not valued, off the pitch problems or lack of team roles

What are strategies to deal with social loafing?

Give credit for personal success

Give encouragement

Encourage social support between players

Clarify and give roles to individuals

Punish social loafing

What are activity based goals?

Judgement based on previous performances, the goals are measurable

Process- goals based upon improve techniques

Products- outcome goals, concerned with beating other people (Focuses on end result and can be controlling)

What are time based goals?

Long term- extended period of time to complete and may be daunting

Short term- Intended to give immediate success and set of existing capabilities

Reinforcement of positive feelings which reduces anxiety

Performed in sequence that becomes more challenging

What are the benefits of goal setting?

Attention focus- focus on important factors and ignore less important, improves concentration

Persistence on task- increased motivation, task persistence as they continue to work hard following set backs

Confidence and self efficacy- increased confidence because goals are achievable

Arousal and anxiety- succes with sustained effort reduces worry and enables effective attention

Monitoring performance- asses the effectiveness of progress towards reaching goal

Can identify when going good and bad

What does a SMART goal stand for?

Specific- goal must relate to task and individual

Measurable- progress should be assessed by direct comparison

Achievable- goals must be challenging but attainable with sustained effort

Recordable- goal can professor should be written down

Tim’s goals should have a specific deadline