Digestive System

Digestive System

Is to break down food into tiny particles

Mechanical Digestion

where food is broken down into smaller components

Chemical digestion

the process by which enzymes bread down food into soluble forms

Ingestion

is to take in food through the mouth

Absorption

the process of absorbing food into the form of nutrients

Assimilation

the process of nutrients being absorbed by each cell of the body in the form of energy

Excretion

The elimination of material that cannot be digested

Mouth

it is the start of the digestion

Teeth

Mechanically grind down the food

Saliva

Chemically digests the food using enzymes

Pharynx

a muscular tube that serves as a passageway for both food to esophagus and air to the larynx

Epiglottis

A flap close the air opening when food is swallowed

Bolus

The end product of the food that has been chewed

Peristalisis

An involuntary movement from the pharynx to the stomach through a process

Esophagus

A thin tube that connects the mouth to the stomach

Stomach

A muscular bag that contains hydrochloric acid.

Chyme

a semi-liquid mixture of partially digested food and digestive juices formed in the stomach

Protease

A digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides and animo acids

Pepsin

Produced by the stomach

Trypsin and chymotryspin

Produced in the pancreas

Pancreas

Releases enzymes into the intestines

Gall bladder

Is where bile is stored and concentrated before it is released into the small intestine

Bile

Produced in the liver to break down lipids

Duodenum

Creates and receives enzymes to break down the food

Jejenum

Uses muscles to break down dood and move it along

Ileum

Absorbs nutrients for the body and stores food before the large intestine

Villi

Has tiny, finger-like projections that line the inner walls of the small intestines

Microvilli

finger-like projections that extend from the surface of certain cells

Large intestines

Contains food which cannot be broken

Cecum

Moves food inwards from the small intestines

Liver

A vital organ in the digestive system that produces bile

Rectum

Contains undigested food stored as feces

Anus

Where the feces leave the body

Accessory organs

Liver, Pancreas, gall bladder, salivary glands

Enzymes

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical

Amylase

An enzyme in our saliva that breaks down carbohydrates

Lipase

An enzyme that breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol

Excretory system

Responsible for removing waste products

Homeostasis

Maintaining the body’s internal balance

Urinary system

Responsible for urine production

Kidneys

The bean-shaped organs located on either side of the spine

Renal artery

Blood enters the kidney through the _____

Glomeruli

Filtered in tiny structures

Bowman’s capsule

Blood pressure forces water, animo acids, waste products and etc. into the urea